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Viewing Sports Online during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Antecedent Effects of Social Presence on the Technology Acceptance Model

Author

Listed:
  • Chia-Jung Chang

    (Graduate Institute of Sport, Leisure and Hospitality Management, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 10610, Taiwan)

  • Bryan Cheng-Yu Hsu

    (Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 10610, Taiwan)

  • Mei-Yen Chen

    (Graduate Institute of Sport, Leisure and Hospitality Management, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 10610, Taiwan)

Abstract

The outbreak of COVID-19 in 2020 has posed several challenges to the sporting industry, caused by the change in behavior of sporting fans from purchasing event tickets to watching live broadcasts of events on the Internet. This study aims to gain a deeper understanding of fan behavior in this “new normal”. It adopts a technology acceptance model (TAM) to explore the effects of social presence (SP) in the context of online viewing of professional sports. For this purpose, the authors conducted an online survey of viewers who watched NBA sports events on the Amazon Mechanical Turk website using the Together Mode feature of Microsoft Teams. We collected 209 valid questionnaires and performed a partial least squares structural equation modeling analysis. The results showed that the SP-TAM structural model has adequate predictive relevance, and SP has a statistically significant positive relationship with both perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness. The model was thus validated, contributing to the existing body of knowledge on emerging technologies such as the creation of a virtual audience in sports. The study’s findings suggest that technology developers should focus on the effects of SP and emphasize practical functions to increase the use intention of sporting fans. Furthermore, professional sporting leagues should prioritize the use of virtual fan technology to optimize the viewing experience of their fans.

Suggested Citation

  • Chia-Jung Chang & Bryan Cheng-Yu Hsu & Mei-Yen Chen, 2021. "Viewing Sports Online during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Antecedent Effects of Social Presence on the Technology Acceptance Model," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(1), pages 1-12, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2021:i:1:p:341-:d:713692
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Yanlong Guo & Xueqing Ma & Denghang Chen & Han Zhang, 2022. "Factors Influencing Use of Fitness Apps by Adults under Influence of COVID-19," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(23), pages 1-17, November.
    2. Poonyawat Kusonwattana & Yogi Tri Prasetyo & Stefanus Vincent & Jefferson Christofelix & Aryadaksa Amudra & Hazel Juan Montgomery & Michael Nayat Young & Reny Nadlifatin & Satria Fadil Persada, 2022. "Determining Factors Affecting Behavioral Intention to Organize an Online Event during the COVID-19 Pandemic," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-15, October.

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