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Impact of Environmental Pollution in the Sustainability of Architectural Heritage: Case Study from Cartagena of India, Colombia

Author

Listed:
  • Heidis Cano

    (Department of Civil and Environmental, Universidad De La Costa, Barranquilla 080002, Colombia)

  • John Fredy Ríos-Rojas

    (Department of Mechanical, Electronic and Biomedical Engineering, Antonio Nariño University, Bogota 111321, Colombia)

  • Joaquin Hernández-Fernández

    (Chemical Engineering Program, School of Engineering, Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar, Parque Industrial y Tecnológico Carlos Vélez Pombo km 1 Vía Turbaco, Bolivar 130001, Colombia)

  • Wilson Bernal Herrera

    (Department of Industrial Engineering, Antonio Nariño University, Cartagena 130015, Colombia)

  • Mayka Bautista Betancur

    (Department of Mechanical, Electronic and Biomedical Engineering, Antonio Nariño University, Bogota 111321, Colombia)

  • Lorcy De La Hoz Vélez

    (Department of International Commerce, Antonio Nariño University, Cartagena 130015, Colombia)

  • Lidy Agámez González

    (Department of Social Work, Colegio Mayor of Bolívar Technologic Institute, Cartagena 130001, Colombia)

Abstract

Limited studies have been carried out in emerging nations on the correlation among the environmental pollution, economic factors, and architectural heritage. For this reason, this research presents an assessment of environmental parameter values on materials deterioration used in architectural heritage in Cartagena de Indias; furthermore, it depicts the effect of heritage degradation on socioeconomic aspects of people whose livelihood depends on trade, tourism, and service activities. Dose-response functions were used for estimating of deterioration of carbon steel, copper, and zinc caused by relative humidity (RH), temperature (T), sulphur dioxide deposition (DSO 2 ), and chloride deposition (DCl − ). In addition, socioeconomic impact on architectural heritage was studied using a Socioeconomic Impact Survey (SEIS), with the sample of 174 individuals who work in areas of great architectural value in the city. The results show a corrosion rate (Vcorr) in the range of 80 < Vcorr < 200, 2.8 < Vcorr < 5.6 and 4.2 < Vcorr < 8.4 μm/year for carbon steel, copper, and zinc, respectively, due to the high level of pollutants. The high deterioration jointly with the lack of citizen culture affect the architectural heritage monuments causing a negative impact in several economic aspects. The establishment of public programs is essential for the conservation of the heritage monuments of the city.

Suggested Citation

  • Heidis Cano & John Fredy Ríos-Rojas & Joaquin Hernández-Fernández & Wilson Bernal Herrera & Mayka Bautista Betancur & Lorcy De La Hoz Vélez & Lidy Agámez González, 2021. "Impact of Environmental Pollution in the Sustainability of Architectural Heritage: Case Study from Cartagena of India, Colombia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(1), pages 1-19, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2021:i:1:p:189-:d:710945
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    Cited by:

    1. Joaquín Hernández-Fernández & Esneyder Puello-Polo & Jorge Trilleras, 2022. "Characterization of Microplastics in Total Atmospheric Deposition Sampling from Areas Surrounding Industrial Complexes in Northwestern Colombia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-8, October.

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