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Evaluation of Reinforced Adobe Techniques for Sustainable Reconstruction in Andean Seismic Zones

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Listed:
  • José Carlos Cárdenas-Gómez

    (Facultad de Ingeniería Civil, Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa, Arequipa 04001, Peru)

  • Montserrat Bosch Gonzales

    (Department of Architectural Technology, Barcelona School of Building Construction (EPSEB), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 08028 Barcelona, Spain)

  • Carlos Arturo Damiani Lazo

    (Facultad de Ingeniería Civil, Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa, Arequipa 04001, Peru)

Abstract

This research presents a methodological process for selecting the most appropriate construction technique for the reconstruction of housing after a seismic disaster in a rural and heritage context. This process, which is applicable to a large part of the Andean region, incorporates sustainability criteria to guarantee the economic, social and environmental balance of the intervention. The methodology was developed on a case study: the Colca Valley in Arequipa, Peru. In 2016 an earthquake affected this zone, where traditional unreinforced earthen buildings suffered serious damage. The objective of this research focuses on comparing six traditional building techniques strongly related to self-building: four techniques for adobe housing—reinforced with cane (CRA), wire mesh (WMRA), geogrid (GRA) and halyard ropes (HRRA)—and two techniques for masonry buildings— confined (CM) and reinforced (RM). For this purpose the authors used the Integrated Value Model for Sustainable Assessment (MIVES), a Multiple Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) model used to compare alternatives by assigning a “sustainability index” to each evaluated construction technique. This research study includes two types of variables: quantitative, such as economy ($/m 2 ) and environmental impact (kgCO 2 /m 2 ), among others, and qualitative, such as perception of safety, respect for the urban image and popular knowledge. The research results show that reinforced adobe techniques are a viable and competitive option, highlighting the cane reinforced adobe technique (CRA), with a value of 0.714 in relation to industrialized materials such as masonry. This technique has the same safety characteristics, but at almost half the price, with the additional advantage of using traditional materials and construction methods, having less environmental impact and showing better thermal performance in cold climates.

Suggested Citation

  • José Carlos Cárdenas-Gómez & Montserrat Bosch Gonzales & Carlos Arturo Damiani Lazo, 2021. "Evaluation of Reinforced Adobe Techniques for Sustainable Reconstruction in Andean Seismic Zones," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-23, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:9:p:4955-:d:545272
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Bibiana Alarcon & Antonio Aguado & Resmundo Manga & Alejandro Josa, 2010. "A Value Function for Assessing Sustainability: Application to Industrial Buildings," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 3(1), pages 1-16, December.
    2. Susana Serrano & Lídia Rincón & Belen González & Antonia Navarro & Montserrat Bosch & Luisa F. Cabeza, 2017. "Rammed earth walls in Mediterranean climate: material characterization and thermal behaviour," International Journal of Low-Carbon Technologies, Oxford University Press, vol. 12(3), pages 281-288.
    3. Luís Bragança & Ricardo Mateus & Heli Koukkari, 2010. "Building Sustainability Assessment," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 2(7), pages 1-14, July.
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