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Immobilization of Hazardous Wastes on One-Part Blast Furnace Slag-Based Geopolymers

Author

Listed:
  • Daniela Carolina Paz-Gómez

    (Health and the Environment (RENSMA), Research Centre on Natural Resources, Department of Integrated Sciences, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain
    Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering/CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal)

  • Inês Silveirinha Vilarinho

    (Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering/CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal)

  • Silvia M. Pérez-Moreno

    (Health and the Environment (RENSMA), Research Centre on Natural Resources, Department of Integrated Sciences, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain)

  • João Carvalheiras

    (Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering/CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal)

  • José Luis Guerrero

    (Health and the Environment (RENSMA), Research Centre on Natural Resources, Department of Integrated Sciences, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain)

  • Rui Miguel Novais

    (Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering/CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal)

  • Maria Paula Seabra

    (Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering/CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal)

  • Guillermos Ríos

    (Atlantic Copper S.L.U., 21001 Huelva, Spain)

  • Juan Pedro Bolívar

    (Health and the Environment (RENSMA), Research Centre on Natural Resources, Department of Integrated Sciences, University of Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain)

  • João António Labrincha

    (Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering/CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal)

Abstract

The immobilization of hazardous wastes in ordinary Portland cement (OPC)-based materials has been widely studied and implemented. OPC-based materials have a high carbon footprint associated with their production and geopolymer materials are a sustainable and eco-friendly alternative. Therefore, this work aimed to immobilize two hazardous industrial wastes: copper wastewater sludge and phosphogypsum in one-part geopolymer materials. For that purpose, the precursor was partially substituted by these wastes (5, 10 and 20 wt.%) in the formulations. The geopolymer fresh and hardened state properties were evaluated, and the immobilisation of pollutants was determined through leaching tests. In phosphogypsum pastes (PG5, PG10 and PG20) it was observed that the compressive strength decreased with the increase in its amount, varying between 67 MPa and 19 MPa. In copper sludge pastes, the compressive strength of the specimens (CWS5 and CWS10) reached ~50 MPa. The mortars, MPG10 and MCWSs10, had compressive strengths of 13 MPa and 21 MPa, respectively. Leaching tests showed that pastes and mortars immobilise the hazardous species of the wastes, except for As from copper sludge, whose the best result was found in the compact paste (CWSs10) that leached 2 mg/kg of As. Results suggest that optimized compositions are suitable for the construction sector.

Suggested Citation

  • Daniela Carolina Paz-Gómez & Inês Silveirinha Vilarinho & Silvia M. Pérez-Moreno & João Carvalheiras & José Luis Guerrero & Rui Miguel Novais & Maria Paula Seabra & Guillermos Ríos & Juan Pedro Bolíva, 2021. "Immobilization of Hazardous Wastes on One-Part Blast Furnace Slag-Based Geopolymers," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(23), pages 1-18, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:23:p:13455-:d:695510
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Maria Criado & Brant Walkley & Xinyuan Ke & John L. Provis & Susan A. Bernal, 2018. "Slag and Activator Chemistry Control the Reaction Kinetics of Sodium Metasilicate-Activated Slag Cements," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-14, December.
    2. Inês Silveirinha Vilarinho & Jorge Carneiro & Carlos Pinto & João António Labrincha & Maria Paula Seabra, 2021. "Development of Coloured Stoneware Bodies through the Incorporation of Industrial Cr/Ni Electroplating Sludge," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-13, February.
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