IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v13y2021i22p12562-d678688.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Research on Unrealistic Optimism among HoReCa Workers as a Possible Future Hotspot of Infections

Author

Listed:
  • Dariusz Dolinski

    (Faculty of Psychology in Wroclaw, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, 53-238 Wrocław, Poland)

  • Wojciech Kulesza

    (Centre for Research on Social Relations, Warsaw Faculty, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, 03-815 Warsaw, Poland)

  • Paweł Muniak

    (Centre for Research on Social Relations, Warsaw Faculty, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, 03-815 Warsaw, Poland)

  • Barbara Dolinska

    (Faculty of Social Sciences, Opole University, Oleska 48, 45-052 Opole, Poland)

  • Ali Derakhshan

    (Department of English Language and Literature, Faculty of Humanities and Social, Sciences, Shahid Beheshti Campus, Golestan University, Gorgan 49138-15759, Iran)

  • Tomasz Grzyb

    (Faculty of Psychology in Wroclaw, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, 53-238 Wrocław, Poland)

Abstract

As we are facing a new surge of the highly infectious delta variant of COVID-19, there is an urgent need for research to reduce the harm before this next wave hits. In the present paper, we present data that is alarming. We have found that HoReCa (hotels, restaurants, and catering services) workers, who are highly exposed to many new social interactions in close contact, present an unrealistic optimism (UO) bias: they perceive themselves as less at risk to this virus in comparison to others. From the literature, we already know that individuals holding this view are less involved in preventive actions and present more risky behaviors. In the face of the delta variant, this leads to the conclusion that restaurants will be new hot spots. What is more, we found that these unrealistic expectations are more pervasive: workers of the restaurant industry estimate low chances of bankruptcy, which may lead to unrealistic salary expectations, leading owners to a new upcoming wave of crisis: COVID-19 and bankruptcy—both of which may be caused by their workers.

Suggested Citation

  • Dariusz Dolinski & Wojciech Kulesza & Paweł Muniak & Barbara Dolinska & Ali Derakhshan & Tomasz Grzyb, 2021. "Research on Unrealistic Optimism among HoReCa Workers as a Possible Future Hotspot of Infections," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-15, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:22:p:12562-:d:678688
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/22/12562/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/22/12562/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Alexander W. Bartik & Marianne Bertrand & Zoë B. Cullen & Edward L. Glaeser & Michael Luca & Christopher T. Stanton, 2020. "How Are Small Businesses Adjusting to COVID-19? Early Evidence from a Survey," NBER Working Papers 26989, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    2. Coelho, Marta, 2010. "Unrealistic optimism: still a neglected trait," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 29133, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    3. Yaniv Hanoch & Jonathan Rolison & Alexandra M. Freund, 2019. "Reaping the Benefits and Avoiding the Risks: Unrealistic Optimism in the Health Domain," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 39(4), pages 792-804, April.
    4. Elena Druică & Fabio Musso & Rodica Ianole-Călin, 2020. "Optimism Bias during the Covid-19 Pandemic: Empirical Evidence from Romania and Italy," Games, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-15, September.
    5. Smriti Mallapaty, 2020. "What the cruise-ship outbreaks reveal about COVID-19," Nature, Nature, vol. 580(7801), pages 18-18, April.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Mohammad Reza Davahli & Waldemar Karwowski & Sevil Sonmez & Yorghos Apostolopoulos, 2020. "The Hospitality Industry in the Face of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Current Topics and Research Methods," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(20), pages 1-20, October.
    2. Judit Temesvary & Andrew Wei, 2021. "Domestic Lending and the Pandemic: How Does Banks' Exposure to Covid-19 Abroad Affect Their Lending in the United States?," Finance and Economics Discussion Series 2021-056r1, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.), revised 17 Nov 2021.
    3. Sohyun Park & Keumsook Lee, 2021. "Examining the Impact of E-Commerce Growth on the Spatial Distribution of Fashion and Beauty Stores in Seoul," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-20, May.
    4. Erel, Isil & Liebersohn, Jack, 2022. "Can FinTech reduce disparities in access to finance? Evidence from the Paycheck Protection Program," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 146(1), pages 90-118.
    5. Capucine Riom & Anna Valero, 2020. "The business response to Covid-19: the CEP-CBI survey on technology adoption," CEP Covid-19 Analyses cepcovid-19-009, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE.
    6. Staples, Aaron J. & Deming, Kristopher & Malone, Trey & Carpenter, Craig W. & Weiler, Stephan, 2024. "Pouring the Paycheck Protection Program into craft beer: PPP employment effects in service-intensive industries," Journal of Business Venturing Insights, Elsevier, vol. 21(C).
    7. M. A. Hannan & M. S. Abd Rahman & Ali Q. Al-Shetwi & R. A. Begum & Pin Jern Ker & M. Mansor & M. S. Mia & M. J. Hossain & Z. Y. Dong & T. M. I. Mahlia, 2022. "Impact Assessment of COVID-19 Severity on Environment, Economy and Society towards Affecting Sustainable Development Goals," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-23, November.
    8. Dimitris Karagiannis & Meletios Andrinos, 2021. "The Role of Sustainable Restaurant Practices in City Branding: The Case of Athens," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-18, February.
    9. Ester Faia & Andreas Fuster & Vincenzo Pezone & Basit Zafar, 2024. "Biases in Information Selection and Processing: Survey Evidence from the Pandemic," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 106(3), pages 829-847, May.
    10. Adian,Ikmal & Doumbia,Djeneba & Gregory,Neil & Ragoussis,Alexandros & Reddy,Aarti & Timmis,Jonathan David, 2020. "Small and Medium Enterprises in the Pandemic : Impact, Responses and the Role of Development Finance," Policy Research Working Paper Series 9414, The World Bank.
    11. Guerrero-Amezaga, Maria Elena & Humphries, John Eric & Neilson, Christopher A. & Shimberg, Naomi & Ulyssea, Gabriel, 2022. "Small firms and the pandemic: Evidence from Latin America," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 155(C).
    12. Bisin, Alberto & Moro, Andrea, 2022. "Spatial‐SIR with network structure and behavior: Lockdown rules and the Lucas critique," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 198(C), pages 370-388.
    13. Dalina-Maria Andrei, 2022. "Objectives And Difficulties In Sme?S Sector In Romania," Management Strategies Journal, Constantin Brancoveanu University, vol. 56(2), pages 29-36.
    14. Jaravel, Xavier & O'Connell, Martin, 2020. "Real-time price indices: Inflation spike and falling product variety during the Great Lockdown," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 191(C).
    15. Ting Zhang & Dan Gerlowski & Zoltan Acs, 2022. "Working from home: small business performance and the COVID-19 pandemic," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 58(2), pages 611-636, February.
    16. Christina Kakderi & Nicos Komninos & Anastasia Panori & Eleni Oikonomaki, 2021. "Next City: Learning from Cities during COVID-19 to Tackle Climate Change," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-21, March.
    17. Jean-Noël Barrot & Basile Grassi & Julien Sauvagnat, 2020. "Estimating the Costs and Benefits of Mandated Business Closures in a Pandemic," Working Papers hal-02896739, HAL.
    18. Christian Moser & Pierre Yared, 2022. "Pandemic Lockdown: The Role of Government Commitment," Review of Economic Dynamics, Elsevier for the Society for Economic Dynamics, vol. 46, pages 27-50, October.
    19. Blanas, Sotiris & Oikonomou, Rigas, 2023. "COVID-induced economic uncertainty, tasks and occupational demand," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 81(C).
    20. Nano Prawoto & Eko Priyo Purnomo & Abitassha Az Zahra, 2020. "The Impacts of Covid-19 Pandemic on Socio-Economic Mobility in Indonesia," International Journal of Economics & Business Administration (IJEBA), International Journal of Economics & Business Administration (IJEBA), vol. 0(3), pages 57-71.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:22:p:12562-:d:678688. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.