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The Optimization of Canola Crop Production through Wheat Residue Management within a Western Canadian Context—A Case Study of Saint-Front, Saskatchewan

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  • Xiaying Xin

    (State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution (SKLMP), School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
    Institute for Energy, Environment and Sustainable Communities, University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada)

  • Guohe Huang

    (Institute for Energy, Environment and Sustainable Communities, University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada)

  • David Halstead

    (Saskatchewan Polytechnic, Prince Albert, SK S6V 7S4, Canada)

  • Katelyn Gaetz

    (Prairie Agricultural Machinery Institute, Humboldt, SK S0K 2A0, Canada)

  • Leila Benmerrouche

    (Saskatchewan Polytechnic, Prince Albert, SK S6V 7S4, Canada)

  • Jing Huang

    (Institute for Energy, Environment and Sustainable Communities, University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada)

  • Yuwei Wu

    (Institute for Energy, Environment and Sustainable Communities, University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada)

  • Jinbo Zhang

    (College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China)

  • Yupeng Fu

    (Institute for Energy, Environment and Sustainable Communities, University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada)

  • Nan Wang

    (Institute for Energy, Environment and Sustainable Communities, University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada)

Abstract

In this study, the processes of wheat residue degradation in combination with various tillage treatments were explored to determine the ideal management prescription for maximizing canola crop production. A field experiment within a western Canadian context (near Saint-Front, Saskatchewan), consisting of a 2 × 3 factorial design, was conducted to determine the fate of crop residue under different harvest and treatment scenarios. ATR-Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, FTIR spectromicroscopy, and synchrotron-based X-ray fluorescence imaging (SR-XFI) were used to explore wheat residue degradation mechanisms. The results indicated maximum canola yields and residue degradation occurred in combination with a combine outfitted with an aftermarket chopper and post-harvest treatment by harrow. Crop residue degradation was attributed to cellulose/linen hydrolysis and supramolecular structure changes from high crystalline to amorphous cellulose. Multi-element loss usually accompanied crop residue degradation. An important aspect of this study is the adoption of field-scale analysis to accurately portray real-world sustainable management techniques within a western Canadian context. The findings provided an optimal combination of crop residue treatment and tillage treatment to increase canola production, which had the potential ability to be applied in other countries. It is also an initial attempt to develop a technical composite of FTIR spectromicroscopy and SR-XFI for examining the mechanism of residue decomposition.

Suggested Citation

  • Xiaying Xin & Guohe Huang & David Halstead & Katelyn Gaetz & Leila Benmerrouche & Jing Huang & Yuwei Wu & Jinbo Zhang & Yupeng Fu & Nan Wang, 2021. "The Optimization of Canola Crop Production through Wheat Residue Management within a Western Canadian Context—A Case Study of Saint-Front, Saskatchewan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(18), pages 1-15, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:18:p:10459-:d:639403
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Elkhan Richard Sadik-Zada & Wilhelm Loewenstein & Yadulla Hasanli, 2019. "Commodity Revenues, Agricultural Sector and the Magnitude of Deindustrialization: A Novel Multisector Perspective," Economies, MDPI, vol. 7(4), pages 1-15, November.
    2. Ankur Chaudhary & Rajender Singh Chhokar & Sachin Dhanda & Prashant Kaushik & Simerjeet Kaur & Todar Mal Poonia & Rajbir Singh Khedwal & Surender Kumar & Satbir Singh Punia, 2021. "Herbicide Resistance to Metsulfuron-Methyl in Rumex dentatus L. in North-West India and Its Management Perspectives for Sustainable Wheat Production," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-17, June.
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