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Motivational Differences between 5K Runners, Marathoners and Ultramarathoners in Poland

Author

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  • Mateusz Rozmiarek

    (Department of Sports Tourism, Faculty of Physical Culture Sciences, Poznan University of Physical Education, 61-871 Poznan, Poland)

  • Ewa Malchrowicz-Mośko

    (Department of Sports Tourism, Faculty of Physical Culture Sciences, Poznan University of Physical Education, 61-871 Poznan, Poland)

  • Patxi León-Guereño

    (Health, Physical Activity and Sports Science Laboratory (HealthPASS), Department of Physical Activity and Sports, Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Deusto, 48007 Bilbao, Spain)

  • Miguel Ángel Tapia-Serrano

    (Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Body Expression, Faculty of Teacher Training, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain)

  • Grzegorz Kwiatkowski

    (Department of Economics, Koszalin University of Technology, 75-343 Koszalin, Poland
    Department of Business Administration, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, 6856 Sogndal, Norway)

Abstract

The aim of the study was to determine the reasons for practicing different running distances (5K run, marathon, and ultramarathon), and to analyze the differences in each type according to gender, age, and marital status. An empirical study was conducted during the 2020 Karkonosze Winter Ultramarathon, 20th PKO Poznan Marathon, and 5K run—Parkrun Poznan and City Trail, over the course of which we interviewed 925 runners. A total of 267 ultramarathoners, 493 marathon runners, and 165 Parkrun and City Trail participants took part in the cross-sectional study, which used the diagnostic survey method. The questionnaire employed the division of motives used by the Motivation of Marathoners Scale (MOMS) by Masters et al., adapted to the Polish language by Dybała. No significant differences were found in any of the disciplines based on gender or marital status, although the results showed that weight concern increased with increasing age range in all the running distances analyzed. In addition, in 5K run and marathon runners, weight concern decreased in the 36 to 50 age range, but subsequently increased in those over 51 years of age. Therefore, it will be important for coaches and other professionals to consider athletes’ age when trying to understand their motives to participate in different disciplines.

Suggested Citation

  • Mateusz Rozmiarek & Ewa Malchrowicz-Mośko & Patxi León-Guereño & Miguel Ángel Tapia-Serrano & Grzegorz Kwiatkowski, 2021. "Motivational Differences between 5K Runners, Marathoners and Ultramarathoners in Poland," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-12, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:12:p:6980-:d:579125
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. A. Butkovic & J. Tomas & A. M. Spanic & T. Vukasovic Hlupic & D. Bratko, 2020. "Emerging Adults Versus Middle-Aged Adults: Do they Differ in Psychological Needs, Self-Esteem and Life Satisfaction," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 21(3), pages 779-798, March.
    2. Aurora M. García-Vallejo & Alberto Albahari & Vicente Añó-Sanz & Aurora Garrido-Moreno, 2020. "What’s Behind a Marathon? Process Management in Sports Running Events," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(15), pages 1-18, July.
    3. Joanna Poczta & Ewa Malchrowicz-Mośko, 2018. "Modern Running Events in Sustainable Development—More than Just Taking Care of Health and Physical Condition (Poznan Half Marathon Case Study)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(7), pages 1-14, June.
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