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Optimizing NOM Removal: Impact of Calcium Chloride

Author

Listed:
  • Alfredo Gonzalez-Perez

    (Department of Materials Science and Applied Mathematics, Faculty of Technology and Society, Malmö University, Nordenskiöldsgatan 1, 211 19 Malmö, Sweden
    Vatteninfo Sverige AB, Kaserngatan 11, 761 46 Norrtälje, Sweden)

  • Kristofer Hägg

    (Department of Building and Environmental Technology, Lund University, John Ericssons Väg 1, Box 118, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
    Sweden Water Research AB, Ideon Science Park, Scheelevägen 15, 223 70 Lund, Sweden)

  • Fabrice Duteil

    (TETRA Chemicals Europe AB, P.O. Box 901, 251 09 Helsingborg, Sweden)

Abstract

Understanding the character of natural organic matter (NOM) and assessing its impact on water quality is paramount for managers of catchments and water utilities. For drinking-water producers, NOM affects disinfectant demand and the formation of by-products which can have adverse health effects. NOM content in raw waters also has an impact on water treatment processes by increasing required coagulant dosages, reducing the effectiveness of adsorption processes and fouling membrane systems. This study investigated the effects of calcium chloride (CaCl 2 ) as a co-coagulant in Al 3+ and Fe 3+ assisted coagulation, flocculation and sedimentation processes for NOM-removal from raw water collected from Lake Bolmen, in southern Sweden. Jar tests were conducted at Ringsjö Water Works (WW), a surface water treatment plant (WTP), to investigate the potential reduction in primary coagulants aluminum sulphate (Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 ) and ferric chloride (FeCl 3 ). This work shows that CaCl 2 can, in certain situations, reduce the need for primary coagulants, which would reduce the environmental impact and costs associated with primary coagulant consumption.

Suggested Citation

  • Alfredo Gonzalez-Perez & Kristofer Hägg & Fabrice Duteil, 2021. "Optimizing NOM Removal: Impact of Calcium Chloride," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-10, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:11:p:6338-:d:568120
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    Cited by:

    1. Alejandro Moure Abelenda & Kirk T. Semple & George Aggidis & Farid Aiouache, 2022. "Circularity of Bioenergy Residues: Acidification of Anaerobic Digestate Prior to Addition of Wood Ash," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-18, March.

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