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Adsorption of Fluorides in Drinking Water by Palm Residues

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  • Maria Cristina Collivignarelli

    (Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Pavia, via Ferrata 1, 27100 Pavia, Italy
    Interdepartmental Centre for Water Research, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 3, 27100 Pavia, Italy)

  • Alessandro Abbà

    (Department of Civil, Environmental, Architectural Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brescia, Via Branze 43, 25123 Brescia, Italy)

  • Marco Carnevale Miino

    (Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Pavia, via Ferrata 1, 27100 Pavia, Italy)

  • Vincenzo Torretta

    (Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, University of Insubria, Via G.B. Vico 46, 21100 Varese, Italy)

  • Elena Cristina Rada

    (Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, University of Insubria, Via G.B. Vico 46, 21100 Varese, Italy)

  • Francesca Maria Caccamo

    (Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Pavia, via Ferrata 1, 27100 Pavia, Italy)

  • Sabrina Sorlini

    (Department of Civil, Environmental, Architectural Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brescia, Via Branze 43, 25123 Brescia, Italy)

Abstract

Fluorides represent a significant problem in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). In fact, this ion is essential for human health but, if taken in excess, it can cause dental and skeletal fluorosis. In LMICs, the pollution of groundwater from fluorides is of natural origin. Therefore, if providing alternative sources for drinking water (DW) supply is not possible, the use of specific processes for the removal of fluorides becomes essential. The adsorption on alternative materials, such as agro-food residues, can be a valid treatment for the removal of fluorides in the LMIC considering: (i) their optimal removal yields, (ii) the high availability, and (iii) the low cost. In recent years, the interest on the use of palm residues (PRs) becomes significant. Optimal pH, temperature, adsorbent dosage, and possible combination with metals to increase adsorption performances were deeply investigated. The activated PRs also present two other advantages: (i) very high surface area, and (ii) very low reduction in uptake capacity when regenerated. However, all tests were conducted with synthetic waters in laboratory-scale reactors while application on real-scale are absent. This makes other studies on this type of alternative adsorbent material still necessary.

Suggested Citation

  • Maria Cristina Collivignarelli & Alessandro Abbà & Marco Carnevale Miino & Vincenzo Torretta & Elena Cristina Rada & Francesca Maria Caccamo & Sabrina Sorlini, 2020. "Adsorption of Fluorides in Drinking Water by Palm Residues," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-12, May.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:9:p:3786-:d:354733
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ngan, Sue Lin & How, Bing Shen & Teng, Sin Yong & Promentilla, Michael Angelo B. & Yatim, Puan & Er, Ah Choy & Lam, Hon Loong, 2019. "Prioritization of sustainability indicators for promoting the circular economy: The case of developing countries," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 111(C), pages 314-331.
    2. Ngan, Sue Lin & How, Bing Shen & Teng, Sin Yong & Promentilla, Michael Angelo B. & Yatim, Puan & Er, Ah Choy & Lam, Hon Loong, 2019. "Prioritization of sustainability indicators for promoting the circular economy: The case of developing countries," MPRA Paper 95450, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 01 Jun 2019.
    3. Maria Cristina Collivignarelli & Alessandro Abbà & Andrea Frattarola & Marco Carnevale Miino & Sergio Padovani & Ioannis Katsoyiannis & Vincenzo Torretta, 2019. "Legislation for the Reuse of Biosolids on Agricultural Land in Europe: Overview," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(21), pages 1-22, October.
    4. Patrick Schroeder & Kartika Anggraeni & Uwe Weber, 2019. "The Relevance of Circular Economy Practices to the Sustainable Development Goals," Journal of Industrial Ecology, Yale University, vol. 23(1), pages 77-95, February.
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    Cited by:

    1. Athanasia K. Tolkou & Natalia Manousi & George A. Zachariadis & Ioannis A. Katsoyiannis & Eleni A. Deliyanni, 2021. "Recently Developed Adsorbing Materials for Fluoride Removal from Water and Fluoride Analytical Determination Techniques: A Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-26, June.
    2. Zongjun Gao & Mengjie Shi & Hongying Zhang & Jianguo Feng & Shaoyan Fang & Yechen Cui, 2020. "Formation and In Situ Treatment of High Fluoride Concentrations in Shallow Groundwater of a Semi-Arid Region: Jiaolai Basin, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(21), pages 1-24, November.

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