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Bacterial Augmented Floating Treatment Wetlands for Efficient Treatment of Synthetic Textile Dye Wastewater

Author

Listed:
  • Neeha Nawaz

    (Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan)

  • Shafaqat Ali

    (Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
    Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan)

  • Ghulam Shabir

    (National Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Soil and Environmental Biotechnology Division, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan)

  • Muhammad Rizwan

    (Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan)

  • Muhammad Bilal Shakoor

    (Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan)

  • Munazzam Jawad Shahid

    (Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan)

  • Muhammad Afzal

    (National Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Soil and Environmental Biotechnology Division, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan)

  • Muhammad Arslan

    (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada)

  • Abeer Hashem

    (Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box. 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
    Mycology and Plant Disease Survey Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute, ARC, Giza 12511, Egypt)

  • Elsayed Fathi Abd_Allah

    (Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box. 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia)

  • Mohammed Nasser Alyemeni

    (Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box. 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia)

  • Parvaiz Ahmad

    (Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box. 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
    Department of Botany, S.P. College, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir 180001, India)

Abstract

Floating treatment wetland (FTW) is an innovative, cost effective and environmentally friendly option for wastewater treatment. The dyes in textile wastewater degrade water quality and pose harmful effects to living organisms. In this study, FTWs, vegetated with Phragmites australis and augmented with specific bacteria, were used to treat dye-enriched synthetic effluent. Three different types of textile wastewater were synthesized by adding three different dyes in tap water separately. The FTWs were augmented with three pollutants degrading and plant growth promoting bacterial strains (i.e., Acinetobacter junii strain NT-15, Rhodococcus sp . strain NT-39, and Pseudomonas indoloxydans strain NT-38). The water samples were analyzed for pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solid (TDS), total suspended solids (TSS), chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD), color, bacterial survival and heavy metals (Cr, Ni, Mn, Zn, Pb and Fe). The results indicated that the FTWs removed pollutants and color from the treated water; however, the inoculated bacteria in combination with plants further enhanced the remediation potential of floating wetlands. In FTWs with P. australis and augmented with bacterial inoculum, pH, EC, TDS, TSS, COD, BOD and color of dyes were significantly reduced as compared to only vegetated and non-vegetated floating treatment wetlands without bacterial inoculation. Similarly, the FTWs application successfully removed the heavy metal from the treated dye-enriched wastewater, predominately by FTWs inoculated with bacterial strains. The bacterial augmented vegetated FTWs, in the case of dye 1, reduced the concentration of Cu, Ni, Zn, Fe, Mn and Pb by 75%, 73.3%, 86.9%, 75%, 70% and 76.7%, respectively. Similarly, the bacterial inoculation to plants in the case of dye 2 achieved 77.5% (Cu), 73.3% (Ni), 83.3% (Zn), 77.5% (Fe), 66.7% (Mn) and 73.3% (Pb) removal rates. Likewise in the case of dye 3, which was treated with plants and inoculated bacteria, the metals removal rates were 77.5%, 73.3%, 89.7%, 81.0%, 70% and 65.5% for Cu, Ni, Zn, Fe, Mn and Pb, respectively. The inoculated bacteria showed persistence in water, in roots and in shoots of the inoculated plants. The bacteria also reduced the dye-induced toxicity and promoted plant growth for all three dyes. The overall results suggested that FTW could be a promising technology for the treatment of dye-enriched textile effluent. Further research is needed in this regard before making it commercially applicable.

Suggested Citation

  • Neeha Nawaz & Shafaqat Ali & Ghulam Shabir & Muhammad Rizwan & Muhammad Bilal Shakoor & Munazzam Jawad Shahid & Muhammad Afzal & Muhammad Arslan & Abeer Hashem & Elsayed Fathi Abd_Allah & Mohammed Nas, 2020. "Bacterial Augmented Floating Treatment Wetlands for Efficient Treatment of Synthetic Textile Dye Wastewater," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-17, May.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:9:p:3731-:d:353988
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Yeh, Naichia & Yeh, Pulin & Chang, Yuan-Hsiou, 2015. "Artificial floating islands for environmental improvement," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 47(C), pages 616-622.
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    Cited by:

    1. Sania Sahreen & Hamid Mukhtar, 2023. "Development of Bacterial Augmented Floating Treatment Wetlands System (FTWs) for Eco-Friendly Degradation of Malachite Green Dye in Water," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-22, March.
    2. Fan Wei & Munazzam Jawad Shahid & Ghalia S. H. Alnusairi & Muhammad Afzal & Aziz Khan & Mohamed A. El-Esawi & Zohaib Abbas & Kunhua Wei & Ihsan Elahi Zaheer & Muhammad Rizwan & Shafaqat Ali, 2020. "Implementation of Floating Treatment Wetlands for Textile Wastewater Management: A Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(14), pages 1-35, July.
    3. Syed Wajid Ali Shah & Mujaddad ur Rehman & Azam Hayat & Razia Tahseen & Sadia Bajwa & Ejazul Islam & Syed Najaf Hasan Naqvi & Ghulam Shabir & Samina Iqbal & Muhammad Afzal & Nabeel Khan Niazi, 2022. "Enhanced Degradation of Ciprofloxacin in Floating Treatment Wetlands Augmented with Bacterial Cells Immobilized on Iron Oxide Nanoparticles," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(22), pages 1-15, November.
    4. Momina Yasin & Muhammad Tauseef & Zaniab Zafar & Moazur Rahman & Ejazul Islam & Samina Iqbal & Muhammad Afzal, 2021. "Plant-Microbe Synergism in Floating Treatment Wetlands for the Enhanced Removal of Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate from Water," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(5), pages 1-11, March.
    5. Fabio Conti & Elena Cristina Rada & Paolo Viotti & Massimo Raboni, 2021. "Removal and Survival of Fecal Indicators in a Constructed Wetland after UASB Pre-Treatment," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-16, August.

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