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Novel Magnetic Nano Silica Synthesis Using Barley Husk Waste for Removing Petroleum from Polluted Water for Environmental Sustainability

Author

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  • Evidence Akhayere

    (Department of Environmental Science, Cyprus International University, Northern Cyprus via Mersin 10, 98258 Nicosia, Turkey
    Department of Bioengineering, Cyprus International University, Northern Cyprus via Mersin 10, 98258 Nicosia, Turkey)

  • Ashok Vaseashta

    (International Clean Water Institute, Manassas, VA 20112, USA
    Biomedical Engineering and Nano technologies Institute, Riga Technical University, 1658 Riga, Latvia)

  • Doga Kavaz

    (Department of Bioengineering, Cyprus International University, Northern Cyprus via Mersin 10, 98258 Nicosia, Turkey
    Environmental Research Centre, Cyprus International University, Northern Cyprus via Mersin 10, 98258 Nicosia, Turkey)

Abstract

Water contamination by petroleum and its byproducts presents a major challenge worldwide. It is critical that sustainable treatment methods be employed for the removal of such contaminants from polluted water. For this investigation, magnetic nano silica (M-NS) was synthesized using agricultural waste from barley husk using a two-step process that is environmentally friendly and uses green chemistry synthesis. The barley husk waste was used as a precursor for the synthesis of nano-silica following a low energy and sustainable method of acid reflux and heat treatment. Nano-silica was then used for the synthesis of M-NS, with the addition of a magnetic solution of Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles. The magnetic nano-silica particles were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), Zeta potential analysis (ZETA) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). Magnetic nano-silica particles were observed to have an average diameter of 162 nm and appeared to be hydrophobic, with a large surface area of ~120 m 2 /gm. Due to these characteristics, magnetic nano-silica was used as an adsorbent for the removal of petrol contaminants from water. The experimental procedure showed that only 0.6 gm. of M-NS was used on 40 mg/L concentration of petroleum and the experiments recorded a high uptake efficiency of 85%. The sorption was shown to be an effective process since a high amount of petroleum was removed. The study further demonstrates that as the amount of sorbent is increased, the sorption capacity also increases until an equilibrium is reached. The results of this study establish that synthesis of M-NS, using environmentally sustainable processes, has the required characteristics to serve as sorbent for petroleum and its byproducts from contaminated water, thus enhancing environmental sustainability.

Suggested Citation

  • Evidence Akhayere & Ashok Vaseashta & Doga Kavaz, 2020. "Novel Magnetic Nano Silica Synthesis Using Barley Husk Waste for Removing Petroleum from Polluted Water for Environmental Sustainability," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(24), pages 1-16, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:24:p:10646-:d:465138
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    1. Danijela Šeremet & Ksenija Durgo & Stela Jokić & Ana Huđek & Aleksandra Vojvodić Cebin & Ana Mandura & Jasna Jurasović & Draženka Komes, 2020. "Valorization of Banana and Red Beetroot Peels: Determination of Basic Macrocomponent Composition, Application of Novel Extraction Methodology and Assessment of Biological Activity In Vitro," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(11), pages 1-21, June.
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    2. Imtiaz Ashraf & Rong Li & Bin Chen & Nadhir Al-Ansari & Muhammad Rizwan Aslam & Adnan Raza Altaf & Ahmed Elbeltagi, 2022. "Nanoarchitectonics and Kinetics Insights into Fluoride Removal from Drinking Water Using Magnetic Tea Biochar," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(20), pages 1-21, October.

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