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Complex Relationships of the Effects of Topographic Characteristics and Susceptible Tree Cover on Burn Severity

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  • Hyun-Joo Lee

    (Graduate Program, Department of Environmental Science, Konkuk University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea)

  • Yun Eui Choi

    (Graduate Program, Department of Environmental Science & Ecological Engineering, Graduate School, Korea University, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea)

  • Sang-Woo Lee

    (Department of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Konkuk University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea)

Abstract

Forest fires and burn severity mosaics have profound impacts on the post-fire dynamics and complexity of forest ecosystems. Numerous studies have investigated the relationship between topographic variables and susceptible tree covers with regard to burn severity. However, these relationships have not been fully elucidated, because most studies have assumed linearity in these relationships. Therefore, we examined the linearity and the nonlinearity in the relationships between topographic variables and susceptible tree covers with burn severity by comparing linear and nonlinear models. The site of the Samcheok fire, the largest recorded forest fire in Korea, was used as the study area. We generated 802 grid cells with a 500-m resolution that encompassed the entire study area and collected a dataset that included the topographic variables and percentage of red pine trees, which are the most susceptible tree cover types in Korea. We used conventional linear models and generalized additive models to estimate the linear and the nonlinear models based on topographic variables and Japanese red pine trees. The results revealed that the percentage of red pine trees had linear effects on burn severity, reinforcing the importance of silviculture and forest management to lower burn severity. Meanwhile, the topographic variables had nonlinear effects on burn severity. Among the topographic variables, elevation had the strongest nonlinear effect on burn severity, possibly by overriding the effects of susceptible fuels over elevation effects or due to the nonlinear effects of topographic characteristics on pre-fire fuel conditions, including the spatial distribution and availability of susceptible tree cover. To validate and generalize the nonlinear effects of elevation and other topographic variables, additional research is required at different fire sites with different tree cover types in different geographic locations.

Suggested Citation

  • Hyun-Joo Lee & Yun Eui Choi & Sang-Woo Lee, 2018. "Complex Relationships of the Effects of Topographic Characteristics and Susceptible Tree Cover on Burn Severity," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(2), pages 1-20, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:10:y:2018:i:2:p:295-:d:128398
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Hyun-Joo Lee & Eujin-Julia Kim & Sang-Woo Lee, 2017. "Examining Spatial Variation in the Effects of Japanese Red Pine ( Pinus densiflora ) on Burn Severity Using Geographically Weighted Regression," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(5), pages 1-18, May.
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    Cited by:

    1. Eujin-Julia Kim & Sang-Woo Lee, 2018. "Structural Equation Model for Burn Severity with Topographic Variables and Susceptible Forest Cover," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(7), pages 1-15, July.

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