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Periodic Modification of the Boerdijk–Coxeter Helix (tetrahelix)

Author

Listed:
  • Garrett Sadler

    (Quantum Gravity Research, Topanga, CA 90290, USA)

  • Fang Fang

    (Quantum Gravity Research, Topanga, CA 90290, USA)

  • Richard Clawson

    (Quantum Gravity Research, Topanga, CA 90290, USA
    Faculty of Health, Engineering and Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia)

  • Klee Irwin

    (Quantum Gravity Research, Topanga, CA 90290, USA)

Abstract

The Boerdijk–Coxeter helix is a helical structure of tetrahedra which possesses no non-trivial translational or rotational symmetries. In this document, we develop a procedure by which this structure is modified to obtain both translational and rotational (upon projection) symmetries along/about its central axis. We show by construction that a helix can be obtained whose shortest period is any whole number of tetrahedra greater than one except six, while a period of six necessarily entails a shorter period. We give explicit examples of two particular forms related to the pentagonal and icosahedral aggregates of tetrahedra as well as Buckminster Fuller’s “jitterbug transformation”.

Suggested Citation

  • Garrett Sadler & Fang Fang & Richard Clawson & Klee Irwin, 2019. "Periodic Modification of the Boerdijk–Coxeter Helix (tetrahelix)," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 7(10), pages 1-18, October.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jmathe:v:7:y:2019:i:10:p:1001-:d:279111
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