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Assessing the Role of Vaccination in the Control of Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease Transmission

Author

Listed:
  • Zuhur Alqahtani

    (Department of Mathematical Science, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia)

  • Mahmoud H. DarAssi

    (Department of Basic Sciences, Princess Sumaya University for Technology, Amman 11941, Jordan)

  • Yousef AbuHour

    (Department of Basic Sciences, Princess Sumaya University for Technology, Amman 11941, Jordan)

  • Areej Almuneef

    (Department of Mathematical Science, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia)

Abstract

The impact of vaccination on the dynamics of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) transmission is explored in this paper, considering a fractional-order derivative system of equations. This model provides vaccination strategies and characterizes local and global stability using Lyapunov functions. This work computes the basic reproduction number ( R 0 ) to represent the endemic and epidemic scenarios. Additionally, sensitivity analysis was performed to identify the most critical parameters responsible for the disease dissemination. Our results indicate that vaccination plays a crucial role in controlling HFMD, significantly reducing its prevalence. These findings align with existing research, supporting the importance of effective vaccination strategies and public health interventions against HFMD. The fractional-order model captures the memory effect in infectious disease dynamics, providing further insight into modeling HFMD transmission compared to a traditional integer-order model. The results would contribute to effective vaccination strategies and public health interventions against HFMD.

Suggested Citation

  • Zuhur Alqahtani & Mahmoud H. DarAssi & Yousef AbuHour & Areej Almuneef, 2025. "Assessing the Role of Vaccination in the Control of Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease Transmission," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-19, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jmathe:v:13:y:2025:i:2:p:268-:d:1567637
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Calatayud, Julia & Jornet, Marc & Pinto, Carla M.A., 2024. "On the interpretation of Caputo fractional compartmental models," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 186(C).
    2. Madhu, Kalyanasundaram & Al-arydah, Mo’tassem, 2021. "Optimal vaccine for human papillomavirus and age-difference between partners," Mathematics and Computers in Simulation (MATCOM), Elsevier, vol. 185(C), pages 325-346.
    3. Majee, Suvankar & Jana, Soovoojeet & Das, Dhiraj Kumar & Kar, T.K., 2022. "Global dynamics of a fractional-order HFMD model incorporating optimal treatment and stochastic stability," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 161(C).
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