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A Hierarchical Authorization Reversible Data Hiding in Encrypted Image Based on Secret Sharing

Author

Listed:
  • Chao Jiang

    (College of Cryptography Engineering, Engineering University of PAP, Xi’an 710018, China
    Key Laboratory of PAP for Cryptology and Information Security, Xi’an 710018, China)

  • Minqing Zhang

    (College of Cryptography Engineering, Engineering University of PAP, Xi’an 710018, China
    Key Laboratory of PAP for Cryptology and Information Security, Xi’an 710018, China)

  • Yongjun Kong

    (College of Cryptography Engineering, Engineering University of PAP, Xi’an 710018, China
    Key Laboratory of PAP for Cryptology and Information Security, Xi’an 710018, China)

  • Zongbao Jiang

    (College of Cryptography Engineering, Engineering University of PAP, Xi’an 710018, China
    Key Laboratory of PAP for Cryptology and Information Security, Xi’an 710018, China)

  • Fuqiang Di

    (College of Cryptography Engineering, Engineering University of PAP, Xi’an 710018, China
    Key Laboratory of PAP for Cryptology and Information Security, Xi’an 710018, China)

Abstract

In the current distributed environment, reversible data hiding in encrypted domain (RDH-ED) cannot grant corresponding privileges according to users’ identity classes. To address this issue, this paper proposes a hierarchical authorization structure embedding scheme based on secret image sharing (SIS) and users’ hierarchical identities. In the first embedding, the polynomial coefficient redundancy generated in the encryption process of the SIS is utilized by the image owner. For the second, the participants are categorized into two parts. One is core users with adaptive difference reservation embedding, and the other is ordinary users with pixel bit replacement embedding. At the time of reconstruction, more than one core user must provide pixel differences, which grants more privileges to core users. The experimental results demonstrate that the average embedding rate (ER) of the test images is 4.3333 bits per pixel (bpp) in the (3, 4) threshold scheme. Additionally, the reconstructed image achieves a PSNR of +∞ and an SSIM of 1. Compared to existing high-performance RDH-ED schemes based on secret sharing, the proposed scheme with a larger ER maintains strong security and reversibility. Moreover, it is also suitable for multiple embeddings involving multilevel participant identities. In conclusion, the results underscore the efficacy of our technique in achieving both security and performance objectives within a complex distributed setting.

Suggested Citation

  • Chao Jiang & Minqing Zhang & Yongjun Kong & Zongbao Jiang & Fuqiang Di, 2024. "A Hierarchical Authorization Reversible Data Hiding in Encrypted Image Based on Secret Sharing," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 12(14), pages 1-16, July.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jmathe:v:12:y:2024:i:14:p:2262-:d:1439020
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