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Addressing the Transaction Validation Issue in IOTA Tangle: A Tip Selection Algorithm Based on Time Division

Author

Listed:
  • Yinfeng Chen

    (School of Computer Information Management, Inner Mongolia University of Finance and Economics, Hohhot 010070, China)

  • Yaofei Wang

    (School of Computer Information Management, Inner Mongolia University of Finance and Economics, Hohhot 010070, China)

  • Baojun Sun

    (School of Computer Information Management, Inner Mongolia University of Finance and Economics, Hohhot 010070, China)

  • Junxin Liu

    (School of Artificial Intelligence, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China)

Abstract

IOTA is a new public chain system specifically designed for the Internet of Things (IoT), which provides strong support for the high concurrency, scalability, and zero handling fees of the IoT. The distributed ledger of IOTA, called the tangle, adopts a Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) structure. However, compared to the single-chain architecture, the tangle is more complex and highly vulnerable to security threats. The existing transaction verification methods still cannot simultaneously meet the need for accelerating approval speed and improving security to resist illegal transactions, such as lazy tips and permanent tips. In this work, we propose TDTS, a tip-selection algorithm based on time division to improve the efficiency of transaction verification. The main idea of the algorithm is to quickly determine two tips of an incoming transaction that need to be confirmed by sorting tip values in a time slot. It shortens the transaction verification time and reduces the number of lazy tips and permanent tips. A comprehensive theoretical analysis confirmed the effectiveness of our proposed algorithm. Based on 1000 IOTA nodes, the evaluations showed that TDTS can select tips quickly like URTS and resist lazy tips like MCMC.

Suggested Citation

  • Yinfeng Chen & Yaofei Wang & Baojun Sun & Junxin Liu, 2023. "Addressing the Transaction Validation Issue in IOTA Tangle: A Tip Selection Algorithm Based on Time Division," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(19), pages 1-17, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jmathe:v:11:y:2023:i:19:p:4116-:d:1250336
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Yinfeng Chen & Yu Guo & Yaofei Wang & Rongfang Bie, 2022. "Toward Prevention of Parasite Chain Attack in IOTA Blockchain Networks by Using Evolutionary Game Model," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(7), pages 1-19, March.
    2. Pranav Gangwani & Alexander Perez-Pons & Tushar Bhardwaj & Himanshu Upadhyay & Santosh Joshi & Leonel Lagos, 2021. "Securing Environmental IoT Data Using Masked Authentication Messaging Protocol in a DAG-Based Blockchain: IOTA Tangle," Future Internet, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-19, December.
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