Probabilistic Slope Stability Analysis of Mount St. Helens Using Scoops3D and a Hybrid Intelligence Paradigm

In the past, numerous stratovolcanoes worldwide witnessed catastrophic flank collapses. One of the greatest risks associated with stratovolcanoes is a massive rock failure. On 18 May 1980, we witnessed a rock slope failure due to a volcano eruption, and a 2185.60 m high rock slope of Mount St. Helens was collapsed. Thus, from the serviceability perspective, this work presents an effective computational technique to perform probabilistic analyses of Mount St. Helens situated in Washington, USA. Using the first-order second-moment method, probability theory and statistics were employed to map the uncertainties in rock parameters. Initially, Scoops3D was used to perform slope stability analysis followed by probabilistic evaluation using a hybrid computational model of artificial neural network (ANN) and firefly algorithm (FF), i.e., ANN-FF. The performance of the ANN-FF model was examined and compared with that of conventional ANN and other hybrid ANNs built using seven additional meta-heuristic algorithms. In the validation stage, the proposed ANN-FF model was the best-fitted hybrid model with R 2 = 0.9996 and RMSE = 0.0042. Under seismic and non-seismic situations, the reliability index and the probability of failure were estimated. The suggested method allows for an effective assessment of the failure probability of Mount St. Helens under various earthquake circumstances. The developed MATLAB model is also attached as a supplementary material for future studies.