IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jlands/v14y2025i1p175-d1567889.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Combined Thermal Index Development for Urban Heat Island Detection in Area of Split, Croatia

Author

Listed:
  • Majda Ćesić

    (Faculty of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Geodesy, University of Split, Matice Hrvatske 15, 21000 Split, Croatia)

  • Katarina Rogulj

    (Faculty of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Geodesy, University of Split, Matice Hrvatske 15, 21000 Split, Croatia)

  • Andrija Krtalić

    (Faculty of Geodesy, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia)

Abstract

Urban heat islands (UHIs) are a phenomenon of temperature rising within urban areas relative to their rural counterparts. UHIs are becoming an increasingly common problem in large cities, which appear due to excessive urbanization and reductions in natural cover and vegetation. This phenomenon negatively affects the quality of life of the residents of the affected city, causing discomfort, reducing air quality, and increasing energy demand. In this study, UHIs were detected and analyzed in the city of Split, Croatia, using data from the Landsat 8 and 9 satellite missions and ground-based measurements of air and land surface temperatures, which were conducted in July, August, and September 2024. This research compares ground-based and sensor-based temperatures, and their analysis results in the proposal of a new index: the Combined Thermal Index. The main feature of this new index, which combines measured and perceived temperature, is to improve the understanding of the impact of UHIs in the city (Split), compared to existing indices. So far, LST and air temperature have not been combined, nor have they been combined with human perception of temperature, which is important in the case of UHIs because it is these people who will ultimately feel a rise in temperature.

Suggested Citation

  • Majda Ćesić & Katarina Rogulj & Andrija Krtalić, 2025. "Combined Thermal Index Development for Urban Heat Island Detection in Area of Split, Croatia," Land, MDPI, vol. 14(1), pages 1-21, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:14:y:2025:i:1:p:175-:d:1567889
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/14/1/175/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/14/1/175/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Rodrigo Fernandes & Antonio Ferreira & Victor Nascimento & Marcos Freitas & Jean Ometto, 2024. "Urban Heat Island Assessment in the Northeastern State Capitals in Brazil Using Sentinel-3 SLSTR Satellite Data," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(11), pages 1-16, June.
    2. Rakin Abrar & Showmitra Kumar Sarkar & Kashfia Tasnim Nishtha & Swapan Talukdar & Shahfahad & Atiqur Rahman & Abu Reza Md Towfiqul Islam & Amir Mosavi, 2022. "Assessing the Spatial Mapping of Heat Vulnerability under Urban Heat Island (UHI) Effect in the Dhaka Metropolitan Area," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-24, April.
    3. Nawhath Thanvisitthpon, 2023. "Statistically Validated Urban Heat Island Risk Indicators for UHI Susceptibility Assessment," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(2), pages 1-21, January.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Chaeyeon Yi & Hyukgi Kwon, 2023. "Spatial Relationship between Heat Illness Incidence and Heat Vulnerability in Gurye and Sunchang, South Korea, 2018," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(11), pages 1-19, May.
    2. Cansu Güller & Süleyman Toy, 2024. "The Impacts of Urban Morphology on Urban Heat Islands in Housing Areas: The Case of Erzurum, Turkey," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(2), pages 1-21, January.
    3. Graziano Salvalai & Juan Diego Blanco Cadena & Gessica Sparvoli & Gabriele Bernardini & Enrico Quagliarini, 2022. "Pedestrian Single and Multi-Risk Assessment to SLODs in Urban Built Environment: A Mesoscale Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-30, September.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:14:y:2025:i:1:p:175-:d:1567889. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.