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How to Conserve the Biodiversity on Collective Land in National Park: Conservation Easements in China

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  • Zhanwen Que

    (School of Law, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
    Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China)

  • Md. Ziaul Islam

    (Research Institute of Environmental Law (RIEL), School of Law, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China)

Abstract

Conservation easements (CEs) are used as a conservation mechanism to conserve the biodiversity and ecosystem on private land, and are receiving increasing attention around the world. Most of the literature mainly focused on the contribution of CE to private land conservation in the U.S. and other countries, while its role in collective land conservation remains underreported. China planned to build the world’s largest national parks (NPs) and faced the conflict between nature conservation and social development. As a private and voluntary conservation tool, CEs have the potential to fill the conservation gap, reduce conservation costs, promote adaptive management, and incentivize sustainable national park construction. We reviewed the recent CE practices in Qianjiangyuan, Wuyishan and Nanshan National Parks. The local government and NP administration drove its practices in China’s NPs, whereas non-profit organizations have few opportunities to participate. Furthermore, due to the current legislation’s lack of explicit specifications regarding CEs, the provisions outlined in the CE agreement were insufficiently constructed and did not align with the unique circumstances of the park. Thus, the implementation of the National Park Act serves as a fitting means to introduce the CE in China.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhanwen Que & Md. Ziaul Islam, 2024. "How to Conserve the Biodiversity on Collective Land in National Park: Conservation Easements in China," Land, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-17, July.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:13:y:2024:i:8:p:1151-:d:1444269
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Yan Gao & Qian Dong & Yi Deng, 2022. "Are Farmers in National Park Communities Willing to Reallocate Their Lands? A Situational Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(14), pages 1-21, July.
    2. Andrew Rule & Sarah-Eve Dill & Gordy Sun & Aidan Chen & Senan Khawaja & Ingrid Li & Vincent Zhang & Scott Rozelle, 2022. "Challenges and Opportunities in Aligning Conservation with Development in China’s National Parks: A Narrative Literature Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(19), pages 1-24, October.
    3. Isla S Fishburn & Peter Kareiva & Kevin J Gaston & Paul R Armsworth, 2009. "The Growth of Easements as a Conservation Tool," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 4(3), pages 1-6, March.
    4. Jian Peng & Honglin Xiao & Rui Wang & Yuanyuan Qi, 2022. "The Impacts of Establishing Pilot National Parks on Local Residents’ Livelihoods and Their Coping Strategies in China: A Case Study of Qilianshan National Park," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-21, March.
    5. Bo Li & Hao Ouyang & Tong Wang & Tian Dong, 2023. "Coupling Relationship between Rural Settlement Patterns and Landscape Fragmentation in Woodlands and Biological Reserves—A Case of Nanshan National Park," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-25, March.
    6. James E. M. Watson & Nigel Dudley & Daniel B. Segan & Marc Hockings, 2014. "The performance and potential of protected areas," Nature, Nature, vol. 515(7525), pages 67-73, November.
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