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Long-Term Impact of Ground Deformation on Vegetation in an Underground Mining Area: Its Mechanism and Suggestions for Revegetation

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  • Jiaxin Mi

    (Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Mine Ecological Restoration, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
    School of Public Policy and Management, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221008, China)

  • Huping Hou

    (Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Mine Ecological Restoration, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
    School of Public Policy and Management, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221008, China)

  • Zhifeng Jin

    (Jiangsu Research Center of Land Resources, Nanjing 210017, China)

  • Xiaoyan Yang

    (Key Laboratory of Land Consolidation, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100035, China)

  • Yifei Hua

    (School of Public Policy and Management, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221008, China)

Abstract

Ground deformation is one of the most common geological disasters arising in underground mining areas, and mining-induced environmental impacts have resulted in numerous concerns, especially the impacts on the surface vegetation. The evaluation of mining-induced impacts on vegetation is beneficial to revegetation in mining areas; however, the impacts of ground deformation have seldom been systematically evaluated and explained on long time scales despite the long-term existence of ground deformation in underground mining areas. To address this, in this study a vegetation-soil-climate (VSC) model was developed to evaluate the long-term impacts of ground deformation on vegetation, and to reveal its mechanism. The results revealed that the long-term impacts of ground deformation on vegetation result from the degradation of the vegetation and soil when ground deformation occurs, which thereby limits the growth and succession of plants after the ground deformation has occurred. The intensity of the long-term impacts is determined by the severity of the ground deformation, but the duration, climate factors, the substrate conditions of the vegetation and soil before the deformation, and the natural change coefficient of the vegetation and soil are also relevant. Furthermore, the characteristics of the long-term impacts on vegetation were analyzed, and a framework for implementing revegetation and suggestions for the supervision of revegetation in underground mining areas are presented based on the characteristics. The results of this study provide insights into the impacts of mining-induced ground deformation on vegetation on long time scales, considering the comprehensive interactions between the vegetation and other environmental factors, and provide theoretical support for revegetation in underground mining areas.

Suggested Citation

  • Jiaxin Mi & Huping Hou & Zhifeng Jin & Xiaoyan Yang & Yifei Hua, 2023. "Long-Term Impact of Ground Deformation on Vegetation in an Underground Mining Area: Its Mechanism and Suggestions for Revegetation," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(6), pages 1-18, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:12:y:2023:i:6:p:1231-:d:1171557
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Taylor Smith & Dominik Traxl & Niklas Boers, 2022. "Empirical evidence for recent global shifts in vegetation resilience," Nature Climate Change, Nature, vol. 12(5), pages 477-484, May.
    2. Jiaxin Mi & Yongjun Yang & Huping Hou & Shaoliang Zhang & Zhongyi Ding & Yifei Hua, 2022. "Impacts of Ground Fissures on Soil Properties in an Underground Mining Area on the Loess Plateau, China," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(2), pages 1-13, January.
    3. Yongjun Yang & Yue Li & Fu Chen & Shaoliang Zhang & Huping Hou, 2019. "Regime shift and redevelopment of a mining area’s socio-ecological system under resilience thinking: a case study in Shanxi Province, China," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 21(5), pages 2577-2598, October.
    4. Shuai Fu & Zhongke Bai & Boyu Yang & Lijun Xie, 2022. "Study on Ecological Loss in Coal Mining Area Based on Net Primary Productivity of Vegetation," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(7), pages 1-18, July.
    5. Li, Sijia & Wang, Jinman & Zhang, Min & Tang, Qian, 2021. "Characterizing and attributing the vegetation coverage changes in North Shanxi coal base of China from 1987 to 2020," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 74(C).
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