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Recreational and Nature-Based Tourism as a Cultural Ecosystem Service. Assessment and Mapping in a Rural-Urban Gradient of Central Spain

Author

Listed:
  • Cecilia Arnaiz-Schmitz

    (Department of Civil Engineering, Transport, Territory and Urbanism, Higher Technical School of Engineering of Roads, Channels and Ports, Polytechnic University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain)

  • Cristina Herrero-Jáuregui

    (Department of Biodiversity, Ecology and Evolution, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain)

  • María F. Schmitz

    (Department of Biodiversity, Ecology and Evolution, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain)

Abstract

Land management focused from the social-ecological perspective of ecosystem services should consider cultural services in decision-making processes. Nature-based tourism offers a great potential for landscape conservation, local development and the well-being of human populations. However, the subjectivity of recreational ecosystem services has meant a clear impediment to assessing and mapping them. In this study, an integrated numerical spatial method is developed, which quantifies the supply and demand of recreational ecosystem services and allows mapping their spatial correspondence along a rural-urban gradient. The procedure also allows quantifying the influence of the landscape structure and the presence of protected areas on the degree of coupling between supply of recreational ecosystem services and demand for outdoor recreation and nature-based tourism and reveals that protected areas are hotspots of recreational ecosystem services. The results obtained highlight the usefulness of the methodological procedure developed as a tool for sustainable land planning and management from an integrative social-ecological approach.

Suggested Citation

  • Cecilia Arnaiz-Schmitz & Cristina Herrero-Jáuregui & María F. Schmitz, 2021. "Recreational and Nature-Based Tourism as a Cultural Ecosystem Service. Assessment and Mapping in a Rural-Urban Gradient of Central Spain," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(4), pages 1-19, March.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:10:y:2021:i:4:p:343-:d:526451
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Serge Schmitz & Lauriano Pepe, 2022. "The Precariousness of Walloon Peri-Urban Agricultural Lands," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(1), pages 1-11, December.
    2. Richard Smardon, 2021. "Ecosystem Services for Scenic Quality Landscape Management: A Review," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(11), pages 1-10, October.

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