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Tardive Dyskinesia and Dopamine Oxidation, Cumulative Effects

Author

Listed:
  • James David Adams

    (Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-9121, USA)

Abstract

It is likely that tardive dyskinsesia is caused by the oxidation of dopamine in dopaminergic neurons. This oxidation produces oxygen radicals that damage neurons. Damage accumulates until tardive dyskinesia occurs. The use of dopamine D2 receptor inhibitors should be limited to the lowest doses for the shortest duration possible.

Suggested Citation

  • James David Adams, 2019. "Tardive Dyskinesia and Dopamine Oxidation, Cumulative Effects," J, MDPI, vol. 2(2), pages 1-4, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jjopen:v:2:y:2019:i:2:p:11-141:d:218775
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Tardive Dyskinesia; dopamine oxidation; free radicals; D2 inhibitors;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D2 - Microeconomics - - Production and Organizations

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