IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijfss/v9y2021i4p60-d669883.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

The Relation between Intraday Limit Order Book Depth and Spread

Author

Listed:
  • Alexandre Aidov

    (College of Business, University of Houston-Victoria, Victoria, TX 77901, USA)

  • Olesya Lobanova

    (College of Business, University of Houston-Victoria, Victoria, TX 77901, USA)

Abstract

Prior studies that examine the relation between market depth and bid–ask spread are often limited to the first level of the limit order book. However, the full limit order book provides important information beyond the first level about the depth and spread, which affects the trading decisions of market participants. This paper examines the intraday behavior of depth and spread in the five-deep limit order book and the relation between depth and spread in a futures market setting. A dummy-variables regression framework is employed and is estimated using the generalized method of moments (GMM). Results indicate an inverse U-shaped pattern for depth and an increasing pattern for spread. After controlling for known explanatory factors, an inverse relation between the limit order book depth and spread is documented. The inverse relation holds for depth and spread at individual levels in the limit order book as well. Results indicate that market participants actively manage both the price (spread) and quantity (depth) dimensions of liquidity along the five-deep limit order book.

Suggested Citation

  • Alexandre Aidov & Olesya Lobanova, 2021. "The Relation between Intraday Limit Order Book Depth and Spread," IJFS, MDPI, vol. 9(4), pages 1-13, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijfss:v:9:y:2021:i:4:p:60-:d:669883
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7072/9/4/60/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7072/9/4/60/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Aitken, Michael & Almeida, Niall & deB. Harris, Frederick H. & McInish, Thomas H., 2007. "Liquidity supply in electronic markets," Journal of Financial Markets, Elsevier, vol. 10(2), pages 144-168, May.
    2. Hansen, Lars Peter, 1982. "Large Sample Properties of Generalized Method of Moments Estimators," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 50(4), pages 1029-1054, July.
    3. Hautsch, Nikolaus & Huang, Ruihong, 2012. "The market impact of a limit order," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 36(4), pages 501-522.
    4. Biais, Bruno & Hillion, Pierre & Spatt, Chester, 1995. "An Empirical Analysis of the Limit Order Book and the Order Flow in the Paris Bourse," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 50(5), pages 1655-1689, December.
    5. Junmao Chiu & Huimin Chung & George H. K. Wang, 2014. "Intraday Liquidity Provision by Trader Types in a Limit Order Market: Evidence from Taiwan Index Futures," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 34(2), pages 145-172, February.
    6. Ahn, Hee-Joon & Cheung, Yan-Leung, 1999. "The intraday patterns of the spread and depth in a market without market makers: The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 7(5), pages 539-556, December.
    7. Harris, Lawrence E, 1994. "Minimum Price Variations, Discrete Bid-Ask Spreads, and Quotation Sizes," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 7(1), pages 149-178.
    8. Wang, Daxue, 2008. "Herd behavior towards the market index: Evidence from 21 financial markets," IESE Research Papers D/776, IESE Business School.
    9. Brockman, Paul & Chung, Dennis Y., 2000. "An empirical investigation of trading on asymmetric information and heterogeneous prior beliefs," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 7(5), pages 417-454, December.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Bruno Biais & Pierre Hillion & Chester Spatt, 1999. "Price Discovery and Learning during the Preopening Period in the Paris Bourse," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 107(6), pages 1218-1248, December.
    2. Yamamoto, Ryuichi, 2014. "An empirical analysis of non-execution and picking-off risks on the Tokyo Stock Exchange," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 29(C), pages 369-383.
    3. Xinyue He & Teresa Serra & Philip Garcia, 2021. "Resilience in “Flash Events” in the Corn and Lean Hog Futures Markets," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 103(2), pages 743-764, March.
    4. Cebiroglu, Gökhan & Hautsch, Nikolaus & Horst, Ulrich, 2014. "Order exposure and liquidity coordination: Does hidden liquidity harm price efficiency?," CFS Working Paper Series 468, Center for Financial Studies (CFS).
    5. Yamamoto, Ryuichi, 2020. "Limit order submission risks, order choice, and tick size," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 59(C).
    6. Baruch, Shmuel & Panayides, Marios & Venkataraman, Kumar, 2017. "Informed trading and price discovery before corporate events," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 125(3), pages 561-588.
    7. Alexandre Aidov & Olesya Lobanova, 2021. "Volatility and Depth in Commodity and FX Futures Markets," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-16, November.
    8. Köksal, Bülent, 2012. "An Analysis of Intraday Patterns and Liquidity on the Istanbul Stock Exchange," MPRA Paper 35968, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    9. Angelo Ranaldo, 2002. "Market Dynamics Around Public Information Arrivals," FAME Research Paper Series rp45, International Center for Financial Asset Management and Engineering.
    10. Erdinc Akyildirim & Shaen Corbet & Guzhan Gulay & Duc Khuong Nguyen & Ahmet Sensoy, 2019. "Order Flow Persistence in Equity Spot and Futures Markets: Evidence from a Dynamic Emerging Market," Working Papers 2019-011, Department of Research, Ipag Business School.
    11. Thierry Foucault & Ohad Kadan & Eugene Kandel, 2005. "Limit Order Book as a Market for Liquidity," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 18(4), pages 1171-1217.
    12. Pascual, Roberto, 1999. "How does liquidity behave? A multidimensional analysis of NYSE stocks," DEE - Working Papers. Business Economics. WB 6433, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid. Departamento de Economía de la Empresa.
    13. Visaltanachoti, Nuttawat & Charoenwong, Charlie & Ding, David K., 2008. "Liquidity distribution in the limit order book on the stock exchange of Thailand," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 17(2), pages 291-311.
    14. Johannes Bleher & Michael Bleher & Thomas Dimpfl, 2020. "From orders to prices: A stochastic description of the limit order book to forecast intraday returns," Papers 2004.11953, arXiv.org, revised May 2021.
    15. Jain, Pawan & Jiang, Christine, 2014. "Predicting future price volatility: Empirical evidence from an emerging limit order market," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 27(C), pages 72-93.
    16. Martin D. Gould & Mason A. Porter & Stacy Williams & Mark McDonald & Daniel J. Fenn & Sam D. Howison, 2010. "Limit Order Books," Papers 1012.0349, arXiv.org, revised Apr 2013.
    17. Héléna Beltran-Lopez & Pierre Giot & Joachim Grammig, 2009. "Commonalities in the order book," Financial Markets and Portfolio Management, Springer;Swiss Society for Financial Market Research, vol. 23(3), pages 209-242, September.
    18. Helena, BELTRAN & Alain, DURRE & Pierre, GIOT, 2004. "Volatility regimes and the provisions of liquidity in order book markets," Discussion Papers (ECON - Département des Sciences Economiques) 2005015, Université catholique de Louvain, Département des Sciences Economiques.
    19. Chin‐Ho Chen & Junmao Chiu & Huimin Chung, 2020. "Arbitrage opportunities, liquidity provision, and trader types in an index option market," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 40(3), pages 279-307, March.
    20. Danny Lo, 2015. "Essays in Market Microstructure and Investor Trading," PhD Thesis, Finance Discipline Group, UTS Business School, University of Technology, Sydney, number 4-2015, January-A.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijfss:v:9:y:2021:i:4:p:60-:d:669883. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.