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Relationship between Capital Structure and Firm Profitability: Evidence from Vietnamese Listed Companies

Author

Listed:
  • Soa La Nguyen

    (School of Accounting & Auditing, National Economics University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam)

  • Cuong Duc Pham

    (School of Accounting & Auditing, National Economics University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam)

  • Tu Van Truong

    (School of Accounting & Auditing, National Economics University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam)

  • Trong Van Phi

    (School of Accounting & Auditing, National Economics University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam)

  • Linh Thuy Le

    (School of Accounting & Auditing, National Economics University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam)

  • Trang Thu Thi Vu

    (International School of Business, Banking Academy of Vietnam, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam)

Abstract

This research focused on exploring capital structure that would have an impact on the Vietnamese company’s profitability. Theoretically, we apply agency theory which mentions the separation of ownership and management, which leads to the problem when the managers act in their own interests rather than the owner’s interest. We built a research model, and the quantitative data was clarified thanks to the regression model with the data given by 300 Vietnamese firms for the period from 2012 to 2018. The findings indicated that firm profitability, represented by Return on Equity (ROE) and Return on Assets (ROA), was associated with liquidity and debt. In detail, it was indicated that there would be a positive relationship between liquidity and profitability of Vietnamese entrepreneurs, while there was a negative relationship between long-term debt and profit maximization. Moreover, the short-term loan also has a positive impact on the firm’s profitability in the context of Vietnam. These preliminary outcomes negated some previous research, confirming that the higher the leverage, the better the firm’s profitability. The difference in findings may provide information about a dynamic Vietnam market as well as the financial environment that require changes in the capital structure to gain the optimal profit.

Suggested Citation

  • Soa La Nguyen & Cuong Duc Pham & Tu Van Truong & Trong Van Phi & Linh Thuy Le & Trang Thu Thi Vu, 2023. "Relationship between Capital Structure and Firm Profitability: Evidence from Vietnamese Listed Companies," IJFS, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-13, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijfss:v:11:y:2023:i:1:p:45-:d:1090813
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Stephen A. Ross, 1977. "The Determination of Financial Structure: The Incentive-Signalling Approach," Bell Journal of Economics, The RAND Corporation, vol. 8(1), pages 23-40, Spring.
    2. Elena Alexandra Nenu & Georgeta Vintilă & Ştefan Cristian Gherghina, 2018. "The Impact of Capital Structure on Risk and Firm Performance: Empirical Evidence for the Bucharest Stock Exchange Listed Companies," IJFS, MDPI, vol. 6(2), pages 1-29, April.
    3. Jensen, Michael C. & Meckling, William H., 1976. "Theory of the firm: Managerial behavior, agency costs and ownership structure," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 3(4), pages 305-360, October.
    4. Berger, Allen N. & Bonaccorsi di Patti, Emilia, 2006. "Capital structure and firm performance: A new approach to testing agency theory and an application to the banking industry," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 30(4), pages 1065-1102, April.
    5. Ferri, Michael G & Jones, Wesley H, 1979. "Determinants of Financial Structure: A New Methodological Approach," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 34(3), pages 631-644, June.
    6. Ibrahim El-Sayed Ebaid, 2009. "The impact of capital-structure choice on firm performance: empirical evidence from Egypt," Journal of Risk Finance, Emerald Group Publishing, vol. 10(5), pages 477-487, November.
    7. Le, Thi Phuong Vy & Phan, Thi Bich Nguyet, 2017. "Capital structure and firm performance: Empirical evidence from a small transition country," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 710-726.
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    Cited by:

    1. Shoaib Khan & Tahir Akhtar & Ameen Qasem, 2024. "Dynamics of capital structure determinants: empirical evidence from GCC countries," Future Business Journal, Springer, vol. 10(1), pages 1-18, December.

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