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Self-Harm and Suicide Attempts among High-Risk, Urban Youth in the U.S.: Shared and Unique Risk and Protective Factors

Author

Listed:
  • Monica H. Swahn

    (Institute of Public Health, Georgia State University, 50 Decatur Street Southeast, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA)

  • Bina Ali

    (Institute of Public Health, Georgia State University, 50 Decatur Street Southeast, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA)

  • Robert M. Bossarte

    (Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester, 400 Fort Hill Avenue, Canandaigua, Rochester, NY 14424, USA)

  • Manfred Van Dulmen

    (Department of Psychology, Kent State University, 800 East Summit Street, Kent, OH 44242, USA)

  • Alex Crosby

    (Division of Violence Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road Northeast, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA)

  • Angela C. Jones

    (Department of Psychology, John Carroll University, 20700 North Park Boulevard, University Height, OH 44118, USA)

  • Katherine C. Schinka

    (Department of Psychology, Kent State University, 800 East Summit Street, Kent, OH 44242, USA)

Abstract

The extent to which self-harm and suicidal behavior overlap in community samples of vulnerable youth is not well known. Secondary analyses were conducted of the “linkages study” (N = 4,131), a cross-sectional survey of students enrolled in grades 7, 9, 11/12 in a high-risk community in the U.S. in 2004. Analyses were conducted to determine the risk and protective factors ( i.e. , academic grades, binge drinking, illicit drug use, weapon carrying, child maltreatment, social support, depression, impulsivity, self-efficacy, parental support, and parental monitoring) associated with both self-harm and suicide attempt. Findings show that 7.5% of participants reported both self-harm and suicide attempt, 2.2% of participants reported suicide attempt only, and 12.4% of participants reported self-harm only. Shared risk factors for co-occurring self-harm and suicide attempt include depression, binge drinking, weapon carrying, child maltreatment, and impulsivity. There were also important differences by sex, grade level, and race/ethnicity that should be considered for future research. The findings show that there is significant overlap in the modifiable risk factors associated with self-harm and suicide attempt that can be targeted for future research and prevention strategies.

Suggested Citation

  • Monica H. Swahn & Bina Ali & Robert M. Bossarte & Manfred Van Dulmen & Alex Crosby & Angela C. Jones & Katherine C. Schinka, 2012. "Self-Harm and Suicide Attempts among High-Risk, Urban Youth in the U.S.: Shared and Unique Risk and Protective Factors," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 9(1), pages 1-14, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:9:y:2012:i:1:p:178-191:d:15626
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Lili O. Horváth & Maria Balint & Gyongyver Ferenczi-Dallos & Luca Farkas & Julia Gadoros & Dora Gyori & Agnes Kereszteny & Gergely Meszaros & Dora Szentivanyi & Szabina Velo & Marco Sarchiapone & Vlad, 2018. "Direct Self-Injurious Behavior (D-SIB) and Life Events among Vocational School and High School Students," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-13, May.
    2. Temilola K. Salami & Bianca A. Brooks & Dorian A. Lamis, 2015. "Impulsivity and Reasons for Living Among African American Youth: A Risk-Protection Framework of Suicidal Ideation," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-19, May.

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