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Association between Hypertension and Chronic Arsenic Exposure in Drinking Water: A Cross-Sectional Study in Bangladesh

Author

Listed:
  • Mohammad Rafiqul Islam

    (Centre for Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics (CCEB), The University of Newcastle, Lot 1 Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia)

  • Ismail Khan

    (Department of Pharmacology, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh)

  • John Attia

    (Centre for Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics (CCEB), The University of Newcastle, Lot 1 Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia)

  • Sheikh Mohammad Nazmul Hassan

    (Department of Public Health, Atish Dipankar University of Science & Technology, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh)

  • Mark McEvoy

    (Centre for Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics (CCEB), The University of Newcastle, Lot 1 Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia)

  • Catherine D'Este

    (Centre for Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics (CCEB), The University of Newcastle, Lot 1 Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia)

  • Syed Azim

    (School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia)

  • Ayesha Akhter

    (Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Tairunnessa Memorial Medical College, Targas, Kunia, Gazipur, Dhaka, Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh)

  • Shahnaz Akter

    (Department of Paediatrics, Institute of Child and Mother Health (ICMH), Matuail, Demra, Dhaka 1362, Bangladesh)

  • Sheikh Mohammad Shahidullah

    (NGO Forum for Drinking Water, Lalmatia, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh)

  • Abul Hasnat Milton

    (Centre for Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics (CCEB), The University of Newcastle, Lot 1 Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia)

Abstract

Chronic arsenic exposure and its association with hypertension in adults are inconclusive and this cross-sectional study investigated the association. The study was conducted between January and July 2009 among 1,004 participants from 1,682 eligible women and men aged ≥30 years living in rural Bangladesh who had continuously consumed arsenic-contaminated drinking water for at least 6 months. Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg (systolic hypertension) and diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg (diastolic hypertension). Pulse pressure was calculated by deducting diastolic from systolic pressure and considered to be increased when the difference was ≥55 mmHg. The prevalence of hypertension was 6.6% (95% CI: 5.1–8.3%). After adjustment for other factors, no excess risk of hypertension was observed for arsenic exposure >50μg/L or to that of arsenic exposure as quartiles or as duration. Arsenic concentration as quartiles and >50 μg/L did show a strong relationship with increased pulse pressure (adjusted OR: 3.54, 95% CI: 1.46–8.57), as did arsenic exposure for ≥10 years (adjusted OR: 5.25, 95% CI: 1.41–19.51). Arsenic as quartiles showed a dose response relationship with increased pulse pressure. Our study suggests an association between higher drinking water arsenic or duration and pulse pressure, but not hypertension.

Suggested Citation

  • Mohammad Rafiqul Islam & Ismail Khan & John Attia & Sheikh Mohammad Nazmul Hassan & Mark McEvoy & Catherine D'Este & Syed Azim & Ayesha Akhter & Shahnaz Akter & Sheikh Mohammad Shahidullah & Abul Hasn, 2012. "Association between Hypertension and Chronic Arsenic Exposure in Drinking Water: A Cross-Sectional Study in Bangladesh," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 9(12), pages 1-15, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:9:y:2012:i:12:p:4522-4536:d:22047
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Abul H. Milton & S. M. Shahidullah & Wayne Smith & Kazi S. Hossain & Ziaul Hasan & Kazi T. Ahmed, 2010. "Association between Chronic Arsenic Exposure and Nutritional Status among the Women of Child Bearing Age: A Case-Control Study in Bangladesh," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 7(7), pages 1-11, July.
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    Cited by:

    1. Zhensheng Wang & Qingyun Du & Shi Liang & Ke Nie & De-nan Lin & Yan Chen & Jia-jia Li, 2014. "Analysis of the Spatial Variation of Hospitalization Admissions for Hypertension Disease in Shenzhen, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-21, January.
    2. Lingqian Xu & Debapriya Mondal & David A. Polya, 2020. "Positive Association of Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) with Chronic Exposure to Drinking Water Arsenic (As) at Concentrations below the WHO Provisional Guideline Value: A Systematic Review and Meta-anal," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(7), pages 1-24, April.

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