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Alcohol Abuse in Pregnant Women: Effects on the Fetus and Newborn, Mode of Action and Maternal Treatment

Author

Listed:
  • Asher Ornoy

    (Laboratory of Teratology, The Institute of Medical Research Israel Canada, Hadassah Medical School and Hospital, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Ein Kerem, P.O. Box 12271, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel)

  • Zivanit Ergaz

    (Laboratory of Teratology, The Institute of Medical Research Israel Canada, Hadassah Medical School and Hospital, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Ein Kerem, P.O. Box 12271, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel
    Department of Neonatology, Hadassah Medical School and Hospital, Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University, P.O. Box 24035, Jerusalem, 91240, Israel)

Abstract

Offspring of mothers using ethanol during pregnancy are known to suffer from developmental delays and/or a variety of behavioral changes. Ethanol, may affect the developing fetus in a dose dependent manner. With very high repetitive doses there is a 6–10% chance of the fetus developing the fetal alcoholic syndrome manifested by prenatal and postnatal growth deficiency, specific craniofacial dysmorphic features, mental retardation, behavioral changes and a variety of major anomalies. With lower repetitive doses there is a risk of "alcoholic effects" mainly manifested by slight intellectual impairment, growth disturbances and behavioral changes. Binge drinking may impose some danger of slight intellectual deficiency. It is advised to offer maternal abstinence programs prior to pregnancy, but they may also be initiated during pregnancy with accompanying close medical care. The long term intellectual outcome of children born to ethanol dependent mothers is influenced to a large extent by the environment in which the exposed child is raised.

Suggested Citation

  • Asher Ornoy & Zivanit Ergaz, 2010. "Alcohol Abuse in Pregnant Women: Effects on the Fetus and Newborn, Mode of Action and Maternal Treatment," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 7(2), pages 1-16, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:7:y:2010:i:2:p:364-379:d:6967
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Noghanibehambari, Hamid & Fletcher, Jason, 2023. "In utero and childhood exposure to alcohol and old age mortality: Evidence from the temperance movement in the US," Economics & Human Biology, Elsevier, vol. 50(C).
    2. Michelle R. Bonello & Fenglian Xu & Zhuoyang Li & Lucy Burns & Marie-Paule Austin & Elizabeth A. Sullivan, 2014. "Mental and Behavioral Disorders Due to Substance Abuse and Perinatal Outcomes: A Study Based on Linked Population Data in New South Wales, Australia," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-15, May.

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