Role of COVID-19 Vaccine in the Management of Gynecologic Oncology Lymphadenopathies

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the incidence of lymphadenopathies after COVID-19 vaccination and their impact on the clinical management of gynecologic oncology patients. Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted involving patients who underwent abdominopelvic or thoracoabdominopelvic CT scans during diagnosis or follow-up. Patients were classified into a vaccinated group (Vac group) and a non-vaccinated group (NoVac group). The radiological appearance of lymphadenopathies was categorized as low or high risk of malignancy, and management strategies were recorded as standard management or additional assessment. Results: 75 patients were included, with 44 in the Vac group and 31 in the NoVac group. The incidence of lymphadenopathies was similar between the groups: 34.1% in the Vac group and 32.3% in the NoVac group ( p = 0.868). High-risk lymphadenopathies were observed in 20.4% of the Vac group and 22.6% of the NoVac group, while low-risk lymphadenopathies were seen in 13.6% of the Vac group and 9.7% of the NoVac group ( p = 0.691). Standard management was the most common approach, used in 80.0% of the Vac group and 100.0% of the NoVac group ( p = 0.25). Conclusions: COVID-19 vaccine does not increase the incidence of lymphadenopathies in imaging tests of gynecological cancer patients.