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Predictive Factors Associated with Future Decline in Swallowing Function among Japanese Older People Aged ≥ 75 Years

Author

Listed:
  • Komei Iwai

    (Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Asahi University, 1-1851 Hozumi, Mizuho 501-0296, Gifu, Japan)

  • Tetsuji Azuma

    (Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Asahi University, 1-1851 Hozumi, Mizuho 501-0296, Gifu, Japan)

  • Takatoshi Yonenaga

    (Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Asahi University, 1-1851 Hozumi, Mizuho 501-0296, Gifu, Japan)

  • Yasuyuki Sasai

    (Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Asahi University, 1-1851 Hozumi, Mizuho 501-0296, Gifu, Japan)

  • Yoshinari Komatsu

    (Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Asahi University, 1-1851 Hozumi, Mizuho 501-0296, Gifu, Japan)

  • Koichiro Tabata

    (Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Asahi University, 1-1851 Hozumi, Mizuho 501-0296, Gifu, Japan)

  • Taketsugu Nomura

    (Gifu Dental Association, 1-18 Minamidori, Kano-cho, Gifu 500-8486, Gifu, Japan)

  • Iwane Sugiura

    (Gifu Dental Association, 1-18 Minamidori, Kano-cho, Gifu 500-8486, Gifu, Japan)

  • Yujo Inagawa

    (Gifu Dental Association, 1-18 Minamidori, Kano-cho, Gifu 500-8486, Gifu, Japan)

  • Yusuke Matsumoto

    (Gifu Dental Association, 1-18 Minamidori, Kano-cho, Gifu 500-8486, Gifu, Japan)

  • Seiji Nakashima

    (Gifu Dental Association, 1-18 Minamidori, Kano-cho, Gifu 500-8486, Gifu, Japan)

  • Yoshikazu Abe

    (Gifu Dental Association, 1-18 Minamidori, Kano-cho, Gifu 500-8486, Gifu, Japan)

  • Takaaki Tomofuji

    (Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Asahi University, 1-1851 Hozumi, Mizuho 501-0296, Gifu, Japan)

Abstract

Predictive factors associated with a decline in swallowing function after 2 years were examined in 3409 Japanese older people aged ≥ 75 years who had undergone a dental checkup in Gifu Prefecture, Japan. Participants with normal swallowing function in a baseline survey in April 2018 were followed for 2 years. Swallowing function was assessed using a repetitive saliva swallowing test. In our study, 429 participants (13%) who were swallowing less than three times in 30 s based on a repetitive saliva swallowing test after 2 years were diagnosed as those with decline in swallowing function. Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed the decline in swallowing function after 2 years was associated with the male gender (odds ratio [ORs]: 0.772; 95% confidence interval [CIs]: 0.615–0.969), age ≥ 81 years (presence; ORs: 1.523; 95% CIs: 1.224–1.895), support/care-need certification (presence; ORs: 1.815; 95% CIs: 1.361–2.394), periodontal pocket depth (PPD) ≥ 4 mm (presence; ORs: 1.469; 95% CIs: 1.163–1.856), difficulty in biting hard food (yes; ORs: 1.439; 95% CIs: 1.145–1.808), choking on tea and water (yes; ORs: 2.543; 95% CIs: 2.025–3.193), and dry mouth (yes; ORs: 1.316; 95% CIs: 1.052–1.646) at baseline. Therefore, the dental checkup items associated with a decline in swallowing function after 2 years were a PPD ≥ 4 mm, difficulty in biting hard food, choking on tea and water, and dry mouth. PPD status and confirming to the self-administered questionnaire about biting, choking, and dry mouth may be useful in predicting future decline in swallowing function.

Suggested Citation

  • Komei Iwai & Tetsuji Azuma & Takatoshi Yonenaga & Yasuyuki Sasai & Yoshinari Komatsu & Koichiro Tabata & Taketsugu Nomura & Iwane Sugiura & Yujo Inagawa & Yusuke Matsumoto & Seiji Nakashima & Yoshikaz, 2024. "Predictive Factors Associated with Future Decline in Swallowing Function among Japanese Older People Aged ≥ 75 Years," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 21(6), pages 1-10, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:21:y:2024:i:6:p:674-:d:1401302
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