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Navigating Diabetes: Enhancing Self-Management through Education among Diabetic People at the Early Stages of the Disease—A Systematic Review

Author

Listed:
  • Emirjona Kiçaj

    (Faculty of Medicine, Transylvania University, 500019 Brasov, Romania
    Faculty of Health, University “Ismail Qemali” Vlore, 9401 Vlore, Albania)

  • Aurela Saliaj

    (Faculty of Health, University “Ismail Qemali” Vlore, 9401 Vlore, Albania)

  • Rudina Çerçizaj

    (Faculty of Medicine, Transylvania University, 500019 Brasov, Romania
    Faculty of Health, University “Ismail Qemali” Vlore, 9401 Vlore, Albania)

  • Vasilika Prifti

    (Faculty of Medicine, Transylvania University, 500019 Brasov, Romania
    Faculty of Health, University “Ismail Qemali” Vlore, 9401 Vlore, Albania)

  • Sonila Qirko

    (Faculty of Medicine, Transylvania University, 500019 Brasov, Romania
    Faculty of Health, University “Ismail Qemali” Vlore, 9401 Vlore, Albania)

  • Liliana Rogozea

    (Faculty of Medicine, Transylvania University, 500019 Brasov, Romania)

Abstract

Diabetes self-management education helps to improve health outcomes and qualities of life for diabetic patients. This systematic review examines the effectiveness of several types of diabetes self-management education for patients at the early stages of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A review of studies that have researched the use and impacts of health education on diabetic patients with T2DM was conducted using the electronic databases PubMed, Elsevier, JSTORE, Walters Kluwer, and the Cochrane Library between January 2017 and November 2022. We found 789 studies, and after selecting the PRISMA flowchart, we selected 19 studies, including those of 2512 adult patients diagnosed with T2DM. Biomedical results presented the pooled effect of a glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) of −0.64% and a fasting blood glucose (FBG) of −0.32. Emotional and social results and behavioral effects were evaluated in 10 and nine studies, respectively. The education and support of diabetic patients at the early stages of the disease impact various aspects, including the biomedical profile, lifestyle, emotional and social well-being, and anthropometric parameters. Among the factors that have been identified to enhance the effectiveness of educational interventions are the following: conducting individualized sessions (or at least in small groups of patients), extending the duration of interventions by at least 12 months, adopting a combined approach that includes both face-to-face and online components, and ensuring the involvement of a multidisciplinary healthcare team.

Suggested Citation

  • Emirjona Kiçaj & Aurela Saliaj & Rudina Çerçizaj & Vasilika Prifti & Sonila Qirko & Liliana Rogozea, 2024. "Navigating Diabetes: Enhancing Self-Management through Education among Diabetic People at the Early Stages of the Disease—A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 21(5), pages 1-18, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:21:y:2024:i:5:p:522-:d:1381158
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Daniel P. Bailey & Lucie H. Mugridge & Feng Dong & Xu Zhang & Angel M. Chater, 2020. "Randomised Controlled Feasibility Study of the MyHealthAvatar-Diabetes Smartphone App for Reducing Prolonged Sitting Time in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(12), pages 1-15, June.
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