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Validating Constructs of the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 and Exploring Health Indicators to Predict the Psychological Outcomes of Students Enrolled in the Pacific Islands Cohort of College Students

Author

Listed:
  • Rebecca H. Kim

    (College of Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Guam, Mangilao, GU 96923, USA)

  • Yvette C. Paulino

    (School of Health, University of Guam, Mangilao, GU 96923, USA)

  • Yoshito Kawabata

    (College of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences, University of Guam, Mangilao, GU 96923, USA)

Abstract

The Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) has been used in various countries to assess the mental states of individuals. The objectives of this study were to validate the DASS-21 for use in Guam, an island that endures a high burden of mental health challenges, such as suicide, and examine the predictive impact of selected health indicators on DASS-21 variables. Three years of data (2017–2019) were pooled from the Pacific Islands Cohort of College Students (PICCS) study conducted annually at the University of Guam. In total, 726 students were included in the secondary data analysis. MPlus statistical software was used to perform a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) for the validation and structural equation modeling (SEM) for the predictive modeling. The results from the CFA suggested an acceptable model fit (RMSEA: 0.073, CFI: 0.901, TLI: 0.889, RMR: 0.044), while SEM suggested that sleep quality and physical activity were significant predictors of DASS-21 variables. Therefore, the DASS-21 is a valid instrument for measuring depression, anxiety, and stress among emerging adults in Guam.

Suggested Citation

  • Rebecca H. Kim & Yvette C. Paulino & Yoshito Kawabata, 2024. "Validating Constructs of the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 and Exploring Health Indicators to Predict the Psychological Outcomes of Students Enrolled in the Pacific Islands Cohort of Colleg," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 21(4), pages 1-17, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:21:y:2024:i:4:p:509-:d:1379223
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Lee Cronbach, 1951. "Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests," Psychometrika, Springer;The Psychometric Society, vol. 16(3), pages 297-334, September.
    2. Minh Thi Hong Le & Thach Duc Tran & Sara Holton & Huong Thanh Nguyen & Rory Wolfe & Jane Fisher, 2017. "Reliability, convergent validity and factor structure of the DASS-21 in a sample of Vietnamese adolescents," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(7), pages 1-14, July.
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