IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v21y2024i4p406-d1365067.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Human Health Effects of Oral Exposure to Chromium: A Systematic Review of the Epidemiological Evidence

Author

Listed:
  • Eleni Sazakli

    (Lab of Public Health, Medical School, University of Patras, GR 26504 Patras, Greece)

Abstract

The toxicity and carcinogenicity of hexavalent chromium via the inhalation route is well established. However, a scientific debate has arisen about the potential effects of oral exposure to chromium on human health. Epidemiological studies evaluating the connection between ingested chromium and adverse health effects on the general population are limited. In recent years, a wealth of biomonitoring studies has emerged evaluating the associations between chromium levels in body fluids and tissues and health outcomes. This systematic review brings together epidemiological and biomonitoring evidence published over the past decade on the health effects of the general population related to oral exposure to chromium. In total, 65 studies were reviewed. There appears to be an inverse association between prenatal chromium exposure and normal fetal development. In adults, parameters of oxidative stress and biochemical alterations increase in response to chromium exposure, while effects on normal renal function are conflicting. Risks of urothelial carcinomas cannot be overlooked. However, findings regarding internal chromium concentrations and abnormalities in various tissues and systems are, in most cases, controversial. Environmental monitoring together with large cohort studies and biomonitoring with multiple biomarkers could fill the scientific gap.

Suggested Citation

  • Eleni Sazakli, 2024. "Human Health Effects of Oral Exposure to Chromium: A Systematic Review of the Epidemiological Evidence," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 21(4), pages 1-37, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:21:y:2024:i:4:p:406-:d:1365067
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/21/4/406/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/21/4/406/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Eleni Sazakli & Cristina M. Villanueva & Manolis Kogevinas & Kyriakos Maltezis & Athanasia Mouzaki & Michalis Leotsinidis, 2014. "Chromium in Drinking Water: Association with Biomarkers of Exposure and Effect," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-21, September.
    2. Germán Sánchez-Díaz & Francisco Escobar & Hannah Badland & Greta Arias-Merino & Manuel Posada de la Paz & Verónica Alonso-Ferreira, 2018. "Geographic Analysis of Motor Neuron Disease Mortality and Heavy Metals Released to Rivers in Spain," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-10, November.
    3. Jakyung Son & J. Steven Morris & Kyong Park, 2018. "Toenail Chromium Concentration and Metabolic Syndrome among Korean Adults," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-9, April.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Jane A. Parkin Kullmann & Roger Pamphlett, 2018. "A Comparison of Mercury Exposure from Seafood Consumption and Dental Amalgam Fillings in People with and without Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS): An International Online Case-Control Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-14, December.
    2. Adriana Estokova & Lenka Palascakova & Maria Kanuchova, 2018. "Study on Cr(VI) Leaching from Cement and Cement Composites," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-13, April.
    3. Marina Tumolo & Valeria Ancona & Domenico De Paola & Daniela Losacco & Claudia Campanale & Carmine Massarelli & Vito Felice Uricchio, 2020. "Chromium Pollution in European Water, Sources, Health Risk, and Remediation Strategies: An Overview," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(15), pages 1-25, July.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:21:y:2024:i:4:p:406-:d:1365067. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.