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A Longitudinal Study of the Relationship Between Lower Extremity Field Tests and Medial Elbow Injuries in Elementary School Baseball Players

Author

Listed:
  • Maki Tanaka

    (Department of Childhood Education, Faculty of Human Development and Education, Kyoto Tachibana University, 34 Yamada-cho, Oyake, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8175, Japan)

  • Takuma Okutani

    (Kyoto Tanabe Central Hospital, Medical Corporation Sekitetsukai, 6-1-6 Tanabechuo, Kyotanabe-shi 610-0334, Japan)

  • Shohei Maruyama

    (Kyoto Tanabe Central Hospital, Medical Corporation Sekitetsukai, 6-1-6 Tanabechuo, Kyotanabe-shi 610-0334, Japan
    Current address: Visiting Nurse Station Spito, 1-2-5 Ishiwara Higashi-ku, Kumamoto-shi 861-8046, Japan.)

  • Kenji Suehiro

    (Kyoto Tanabe Central Hospital, Medical Corporation Sekitetsukai, 6-1-6 Tanabechuo, Kyotanabe-shi 610-0334, Japan
    Corporate Headquarters, Medical Corporation Sekitetsukai, 6-1-6 Tanabechuo, Kyotanabe-shi 610-0334, Japan)

  • Tomoyuki Matsui

    (Marutamachi Rehabilitation Clinic, 12 Nishinokyo Kurumazakacho Nakagyo-ku, Kyoto 604-8405, Japan)

  • Machiko Hiramoto

    (Marutamachi Rehabilitation Clinic, 12 Nishinokyo Kurumazakacho Nakagyo-ku, Kyoto 604-8405, Japan)

  • Yoshikazu Azuma

    (Marutamachi Rehabilitation Clinic, 12 Nishinokyo Kurumazakacho Nakagyo-ku, Kyoto 604-8405, Japan)

  • Tetsuya Miyazaki

    (Marutamachi Rehabilitation Clinic, 12 Nishinokyo Kurumazakacho Nakagyo-ku, Kyoto 604-8405, Japan)

  • Megumi Gonno

    (Department of Childhood Education, Faculty of Childhood Education, Nagoya Women’s University, 3-40 Shioji-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya-shi 467-8610, Japan)

  • Teruo Nomura

    (Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Hashikami-cho, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan)

  • Kyosuke Oku

    (Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Hashikami-cho, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan)

  • Yuya Watanabe

    (Department of Sports Study, Faculty of Sport Study, Biwako Seikei Sport College, 1204 Kitahira, Otsu-shi 520-0503, Japan)

  • Yoshihiro Kai

    (Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kyoto Tachibana University, 34 Yama-da-cho, Oyake, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8175, Japan)

  • Minoru Takeshima

    (Kyoto Tanabe Central Hospital, Medical Corporation Sekitetsukai, 6-1-6 Tanabechuo, Kyotanabe-shi 610-0334, Japan)

  • Toru Morihara

    (Marutamachi Rehabilitation Clinic, 12 Nishinokyo Kurumazakacho Nakagyo-ku, Kyoto 604-8405, Japan)

  • Noriyuki Kida

    (Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Hashikami-cho, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan)

Abstract

This study aimed to examine prospectively the relationship between the deep squatting test and medial elbow injuries in elementary school baseball players and to determine the usefulness of the lower extremity field test in throwing injuries. The participants were 254 players who had participated in preseason medical checkups in both 2019 and 2020 and had no problems with the 2019 medical checkups. The evaluation parameters included ultrasonography examination, physical examination, and three types of deep squatting tests. The success rate of deep squatting tests was significantly lower in the injured group than in the non-injured group in the medial elbow injuries. By the difficulty level, the backward test in the deep squatting test was more likely to predict medial elbow injuries than the forward and middle tests. Furthermore, there was a significant difference in the squatting test and medial elbow injuries by grades. In conclusion, this is the first prospective study to provide evidence that the deep squatting tests, classified by difficulty level, can predict the risk of subsequent medial elbow injuries in elementary school players. The deep squatting test may be useful as a field test for lower extremity flexibility that can be performed by athletes and instructors, as it can predict the risk of subsequent medial elbow injuries.

Suggested Citation

  • Maki Tanaka & Takuma Okutani & Shohei Maruyama & Kenji Suehiro & Tomoyuki Matsui & Machiko Hiramoto & Yoshikazu Azuma & Tetsuya Miyazaki & Megumi Gonno & Teruo Nomura & Kyosuke Oku & Yuya Watanabe & Y, 2024. "A Longitudinal Study of the Relationship Between Lower Extremity Field Tests and Medial Elbow Injuries in Elementary School Baseball Players," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 21(11), pages 1-13, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:21:y:2024:i:11:p:1518-:d:1521250
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Megumi Gonno & Noriyuki Kida & Teruo Nomura & Tomoyuki Matsui & Yoshikazu Azuma & Machiko Hiramoto & Ruo Hashimoto & Tetsuya Miyazaki & Maki Tanaka & Yuya Watanabe & Yoshihiro Kai & Toru Morihara, 2022. "Relationship between Standing Trunk Extension Angle and Medial Elbow Injuries in Young Baseball Pitchers," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(7), pages 1-11, March.
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