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Rising Temperature and the Spatiotemporal Patterns of Foot and Mouth Disease of Livestock in Mongolia

Author

Listed:
  • William Mun

    (College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23185, USA)

  • Erica Garroutte

    (Institute of Integrative Conservation, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23185, USA)

  • Iyabo Obasanjo

    (Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23185, USA)

Abstract

Background: Climate change is projected to have cascading effects on the environment and thereby trigger effects on animal health, human health and wellbeing. Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) is a highly contagious disease affecting cloven-hoofed animals that has had dramatic socioeconomic impacts on nomadic pastoralist communities who are increasingly vulnerable to environmental degradation and climate change. FMD outbreaks are occurring more frequently in Mongolia and the effects of climatic change, such as more droughts, increasing temperature, and changing snow fall patterns, are also becoming more obvious. Methods: In this study we use spatiotemporal mapping and regression analyses to explore trends and associations between climate variables and FMD outbreaks across Mongolia from 2010 to 2020. Results: We found that the number of days with temperature above 80 °F in a province in a given year was associated with having a FMD outbreak. None of the other climate variables were associated with FMD outbreaks at the provincial level. Conclusion: Given the projected increase in warming temperatures across Mongolia, there is a need to further explore the association between rising temperatures and FMD outbreaks to prevent FMD from having cascading impacts on nomadic herder communities. Mitigating approaches for herders to use to reduce the impact of rising number of hot days on FMD spread needs to be devised and governments in countries with nomadic herding communities should enact climate adaptation policies for them.

Suggested Citation

  • William Mun & Erica Garroutte & Iyabo Obasanjo, 2023. "Rising Temperature and the Spatiotemporal Patterns of Foot and Mouth Disease of Livestock in Mongolia," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(8), pages 1-13, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:8:p:5468-:d:1121000
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Virginia Anne Kowal & Julian Ahlborn & Chantsallkham Jamsranjav & Otgonsuren Avirmed & Rebecca Chaplin-Kramer, 2021. "Modeling Integrated Impacts of Climate Change and Grazing on Mongolia’s Rangelands," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(4), pages 1-28, April.
    2. Tserennadmid Nadia Mijiddorj & Justine Shanti Alexander & Gustaf Samelius & Charudutt Mishra & Bazartseren Boldgiv, 2020. "Traditional livelihoods under a changing climate: herder perceptions of climate change and its consequences in South Gobi, Mongolia," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 162(3), pages 1065-1079, October.
    3. Narmandakh, Davaatseren & Sakurai, Takeshi, 2021. "The Impact of Quarantine against Foot-and-Mouth Disease in Mongolia on Pastoralists’ Farming Performance and Welfare," Japanese Journal of Agricultural Economics (formerly Japanese Journal of Rural Economics), Agricultural Economics Society of Japan (AESJ), vol. 23.
    4. Desalegn Yayeh Ayal & Kassahun Tilahun & Kassahun Ture & Tadesse Terefe Zeleke, 2021. "Psychological dimensions of climate change: perceptions, collective efficacy, and responses in Berehet District, north Shoa, Ethiopia," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 165(1), pages 1-18, March.
    5. Qin Zhang & Fengqi Cui & Luwei Dai & Bing Feng & Yunjing Lu & Haiping Tang, 2019. "Pastoralists’ perception of and adaptation strategies for climate change: associations with observed climate variability," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 96(3), pages 1387-1412, April.
    6. Teresiah Wairimu Ng’ang’a & Jeanne Y. Coulibaly & Todd A. Crane & Charles K. Gachene & Geoffrey Kironchi, 2020. "Propensity to adapt to climate change: insights from pastoralist and agro-pastoralist households of Laikipia County, Kenya," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 161(3), pages 393-413, August.
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