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Heart Rate from Progressive Volitional Cycling Test Is Associated with Endothelial Dysfunction Outcomes in Hypertensive Chilean Adults

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  • Cristian Alvarez

    (Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 7591538, Chile)

  • Marcelo Tuesta

    (Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 7591538, Chile)

  • Álvaro Reyes

    (Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 7591538, Chile)

  • Francisco Guede-Rojas

    (Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 7591538, Chile)

  • Luis Peñailillo

    (Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 7591538, Chile)

  • Igor Cigarroa

    (Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Santo Tomás, Los Ángeles 4440000, Chile)

  • Jaime Vásquez-Gómez

    (Centro de Investigación de Estudios Avanzados del Maule (CIEAM), Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3460000, Chile
    Laboratorio de Rendimiento Humano, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3460000, Chile)

  • Johnattan Cano-Montoya

    (Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Odontología y Ciencias de La Rehabilitación, Universidad San Sebastián, Valdivia 8420524, Chile)

  • Cristóbal Durán-Marín

    (Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences Carrera de Kinesiología, Universidad Andres Bello, Concepción 4260000, Chile)

  • Oscar Rojas-Paz

    (Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences Carrera de Kinesiología, Universidad Andres Bello, Concepción 4260000, Chile)

  • Héctor Márquez

    (Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences Carrera de Kinesiología, Universidad Andres Bello, Concepción 4260000, Chile)

  • Mikel Izquierdo

    (Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, 31006 Pamplona, Spain
    CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220 Madrid, Spain)

  • Pedro Delgado-Floody

    (Department of Physical Education, Sports and Recreation, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile)

Abstract

Background: A progressive volitional cycling test is useful in determining exercise prescription in populations with cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. However, little is known about the association between heart rate during this test and endothelial dysfunction (EDys) parameters in hypertensive (HTN) patients. Objective: To investigate the association between EDys markers (flow-mediated dilation [FMD], pulse wave velocity of the brachial artery [PWVba], and carotid-intima media thickness [cIMT]) and heart rate during a cycling test in HTN adults. A secondary aim was to characterize cardiovascular, anthropometric, and body composition outcomes in this population. Methods: This was a descriptive clinical study in which adults (men and women) were assigned to one of three groups: HTN, elevated blood pressure (Ele), or a normotensive control group (CG), and completed a progressive cycling test. The primary outcomes were FMD, PWVba, cIMT, and heart rate (HR) at 25–50 watts (HR 25–50 ), 50–100 watts (HR 50–100 ), and 75–150 watts (HR 75–150 ) of the Astrand test. Secondary outcomes included body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, body fat percentage (BF%), skeletal muscle mass (SMM), resting metabolic rate (RMR), and estimated body age, as measured by a bio-impedance digital scale. Results: Analyses of the associations between FMD, PWV, and HR 25–50 , HR 50–100 , and HR 75–150 watts revealed no significant association in the HTN, Ele, and CG groups. However, a significant association was found between cIMT and HR 75–150 watts in the HTN group (R 2 47.1, β −0.650, p = 0.038). There was also a significant trend ( p = 0.047) towards increasing PWVba in the CG, Ele, and HTN groups. Conclusion: Heart rate during a progressive cycling test is associated with the EDys parameters cIMT in HTN patients, with particularly strong predictive capacity for vascular parameters in the second and third stages of the Astrand exercise test compared to normotensive control.

Suggested Citation

  • Cristian Alvarez & Marcelo Tuesta & Álvaro Reyes & Francisco Guede-Rojas & Luis Peñailillo & Igor Cigarroa & Jaime Vásquez-Gómez & Johnattan Cano-Montoya & Cristóbal Durán-Marín & Oscar Rojas-Paz & Hé, 2023. "Heart Rate from Progressive Volitional Cycling Test Is Associated with Endothelial Dysfunction Outcomes in Hypertensive Chilean Adults," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(5), pages 1-15, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:5:p:4236-:d:1082032
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Simon Condliffe & Charles R. Link & Shreekant Parasuraman & Michael F. Pollack, 2013. "The effects of hypertension and obesity on total health-care expenditures of diabetes patients in the United States," Applied Economics Letters, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 20(7), pages 649-652, May.
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