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The Global Association between Egg Intake and the Incidence and Mortality of Ischemic Heart Disease—An Ecological Study

Author

Listed:
  • Norie Sugihara

    (Faculty of Health and Social Services, Kanagawa University of Human Services, Yokosuka 238-8550, Japan
    Faculty of Core Research, Ochanomizu University, Tokyo 112-8610, Japan)

  • Yoshiro Shirai

    (Department of Human Life and Environment, Kinjo Gakuin University, Nagoya 463-8521, Japan
    Institute of Health and Nutrition, Nagoya University of Arts and Sciences, Nisshin 470-0196, Japan)

  • Tomoko Imai

    (Institute of Health and Nutrition, Nagoya University of Arts and Sciences, Nisshin 470-0196, Japan
    Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Doshisha Women’s College of Liberal Arts, Kyoto 602-0893, Japan)

  • Ayako Sezaki

    (Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Ryukoku University, Otsu 520-2194, Japan
    Graduate School of Nutritional Sciences, Nagoya University of Arts and Sciences, Nisshin 470-0196, Japan)

  • Chisato Abe

    (Institute of Health and Nutrition, Nagoya University of Arts and Sciences, Nisshin 470-0196, Japan
    Department of Food and Nutrition, Tsu City College, Tsu 514-0112, Japan)

  • Fumiya Kawase

    (Graduate School of Nutritional Sciences, Nagoya University of Arts and Sciences, Nisshin 470-0196, Japan
    Department of Nutrition, Asuke Hospital Aichi Prefectural Welfare Federation of Agricultural Cooperatives, Toyota 444-2351, Japan)

  • Keiko Miyamoto

    (Institute of Health and Nutrition, Nagoya University of Arts and Sciences, Nisshin 470-0196, Japan
    Department of Nursing, Nagoya University of Arts and Sciences, Nagoya 460-0001, Japan)

  • Ayaka Inden

    (Graduate School of Nutritional Sciences, Nagoya University of Arts and Sciences, Nisshin 470-0196, Japan
    Clinical Nutrition Unit, Hamamatsu University Hospital, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan)

  • Takumi Kato

    (Institute of Health and Nutrition, Nagoya University of Arts and Sciences, Nisshin 470-0196, Japan
    Nutrition Division, Japanese Red Cross Aichi Medical Center Nagoya Daini Hospital, Nagoya 466-8650, Japan)

  • Masayo Sanada

    (Department of Nursing, Heisei College of Health Sciences, Gifu 501-1131, Japan)

  • Hiroshi Shimokata

    (Institute of Health and Nutrition, Nagoya University of Arts and Sciences, Nisshin 470-0196, Japan
    Graduate School of Nutritional Sciences, Nagoya University of Arts and Sciences, Nisshin 470-0196, Japan)

Abstract

The relationship between egg consumption and ischemic heart disease (IHD) remains controversial as there is still no clear answer regarding the relationship, with research limited to a few geographical regions. In the current study, we conducted a longitudinal analysis of the association between egg intake and IHD incidence (IHDi) and mortality (IHDd) using 28 years of international data from 1990 to 2018. Egg intake (g/day/capita) by country was obtained from the Global Dietary Database. Age-standard IHDi and IHDd rates per 100,000 subjects in each country were obtained from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease database. The analysis included a total of 142 countries with populations of at least one million, for which all data were available from 1990 to 2018. Eggs are consumed worldwide, and regional differences in consumption are also shown. Utilizing IHDi and IHDd as objective variables and egg intake as an explanatory variable, the analysis was conducted using linear mixed models, which controlled for inter- and intra-country variation from year to year. The results showed a significant negative association between egg intake, and IHDi (−0.253 ± 0.117, p < 0.05) and IHDd (−0.359 ± 0.137, p < 0.05). The analysis was carried out using R 4.0.5. The results suggest that adequate egg intake might suppress IHDi and IHDd on a global scale.

Suggested Citation

  • Norie Sugihara & Yoshiro Shirai & Tomoko Imai & Ayako Sezaki & Chisato Abe & Fumiya Kawase & Keiko Miyamoto & Ayaka Inden & Takumi Kato & Masayo Sanada & Hiroshi Shimokata, 2023. "The Global Association between Egg Intake and the Incidence and Mortality of Ischemic Heart Disease—An Ecological Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(5), pages 1-11, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:5:p:4138-:d:1080316
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ke Wang & Qianqian Xiang & Lan Hu & Lu Wang & Yunquan Zhang, 2022. "Frequency of Egg Intake Associated with Mortality in Chinese Adults: An 8-Year Nationwide Cohort Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(22), pages 1-12, November.
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