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Demographic and Socioeconomic Factors Associated to Fruits and Vegetables Consumption in Elderly Europeans: A Systematic Review

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  • Malak Kouiti

    (Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
    Laboratory of Health Sciences and Technologies, Higher Institute of Health Sciences, Hassan First University of Settat, Settat 26000, Morocco)

  • Carmen Ortega-Rico

    (Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain)

  • Juan Pedro Arrebola

    (Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
    Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs.GRANADA), Avda. de Madrid, 15. Pabellón de Consultas Externas 2, 2a Planta, 18012 Granada, Spain
    Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11. Planta 0, 28029 Madrid, Spain)

  • Mabel Gracia-Arnaiz

    (Department of Anthropology, Philosophy and Social Work, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av., 43002 Tarragona, Spain)

  • Cristina Larrea-Killinger

    (Department of Social and Cultural Anthropology, University of Barcelona, 08001 Barcelona, Spain
    Food Observatory (ODELA), University of Barcelona, 08001 Barcelona, Spain)

Abstract

Several epidemiological studies stress the association between a diet based on high fruits and vegetables intake and a better health condition. However, elderly Europeans cannot manage the recommended fruits and vegetables consumption. This systematic review aims to explore the main factors related to fruits and vegetables consumption in elderly Europeans. We conducted literature searches on Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science from inception to May 2022. Published articles including data related to certain fruits and vegetables consumption among elderly Europeans were selected. The New Castle-Ottawa Scale and National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute tools were used for methodological quality assessment by two authors independently. A total of 60 articles were retrieved, and data from twenty-one high-quality cross-sectional studies and five moderate-to-high-quality cohort studies, including a total of 109,516 participants, were synthesized. Associated factors mostly analyzed were those relating to demographic and socioeconomic status, such as sex, age, marital status, educational level, and income. However, the findings show a high discrepancy. Some evidence suggests a possible positive association, while other evidence shows an inverse or no association at all. The relationship between demographic and socioeconomic factors with fruits and vegetables consumption is not at all clear. More epidemiological studies with an appropriate design and corresponding statistical methods are required.

Suggested Citation

  • Malak Kouiti & Carmen Ortega-Rico & Juan Pedro Arrebola & Mabel Gracia-Arnaiz & Cristina Larrea-Killinger, 2023. "Demographic and Socioeconomic Factors Associated to Fruits and Vegetables Consumption in Elderly Europeans: A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(4), pages 1-23, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:4:p:3442-:d:1069770
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Vinther, Johan L. & Conklin, Annalijn I. & Wareham, Nicholas J. & Monsivais, Pablo, 2016. "Marital transitions and associated changes in fruit and vegetable intake: Findings from the population-based prospective EPIC-Norfolk cohort, UK," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 157(C), pages 120-126.
    2. Joost Oude Groeniger & Carlijn B. M. Kamphuis & Johan P. Mackenbach & Mariëlle A. Beenackers & Frank J. Lenthe, 2019. "Are socio-economic inequalities in diet and physical activity a matter of social distinction? A cross-sectional study," International Journal of Public Health, Springer;Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+), vol. 64(7), pages 1037-1047, September.
    3. Laura Perna & Andreas Mielck & Maria Lacruz & Rebecca Emeny & Rolf Holle & Ariane Breitfelder & Karl Ladwig, 2012. "Socioeconomic position, resilience, and health behaviour among elderly people," International Journal of Public Health, Springer;Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+), vol. 57(2), pages 341-349, April.
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