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Association between Sleep Duration and Grip Strength in U.S. Older Adults: An NHANES Analysis (2011–2014)

Author

Listed:
  • Jin Liu

    (Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao 266071, China)

  • Tianhao Zhang

    (Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao 266071, China)

  • Jia Luo

    (Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao 266071, China)

  • Shumin Chen

    (Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao 266071, China)

  • Dongfeng Zhang

    (Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao 266071, China)

Abstract

Handgrip strength has been shown an indispensable biomarker for older adults. Furthermore, the association between sleep duration and grip strength in special populations (e.g., type 2 diabetics) has been previously documented. However, the association between sleep duration and grip strength has been less studied in older adults and the dose-response relationship is unclear. Therefore, we drew 1881 participants aged 60 years and older from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011–2014 to explore their association and the dose-response relationship. Sleep duration was obtained through self-report. Grip strength data were obtained through a grip test using a handgrip dynamometer and divided into two categories: low grip strength and normal grip strength. Thus, dichotomized grip strength was used as a dependent variable. Poisson regression and restricted cubic spline were used for the main part of the analysis. We found that long sleep duration (≥9 h) was associated with a higher prevalence of low grip strength than the normal sleep duration (7–<9 h) group (IRR: 1.38, 95% CI: 1.12–1.69). Moreover, the gender-stratified analysis did not change the original results. This association was particularly pronounced and further strengthened among participants with normal weight (BMI < 25) (IRR: 2.30, 95% CI: 1.64–3.22) and participants aged 60–70 (IRR: 1.76, 95% CI: 1.40–2.22). In addition, with the increase in sleep duration, the multivariate-adjusted IRRs of low grip strength had a general downward trend at first, followed by a brief period of stability, and then presented an upward trend ( p -value for non-linearity = 0.001). According to this study, we found that older adults who had long sleep duration had a higher risk of low grip strength. Muscle insulin utilization and muscle glucose metabolism are closely related to grip strength, so our research emphasizes the importance of maintaining normal sleep duration in older adults and suggests that older adults who sleep for a long period should pay more attention to their muscle health.

Suggested Citation

  • Jin Liu & Tianhao Zhang & Jia Luo & Shumin Chen & Dongfeng Zhang, 2023. "Association between Sleep Duration and Grip Strength in U.S. Older Adults: An NHANES Analysis (2011–2014)," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(4), pages 1-12, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:4:p:3416-:d:1069440
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Adam P. Spira & Christopher N. Kaufmann & Judith D. Kasper & Maurice M. Ohayon & George W. Rebok & Elizabeth Skidmore & Jeanine M. Parisi & Charles F. Reynolds III, 2014. "Association Between Insomnia Symptoms and Functional Status in U.S. Older Adults," The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, The Gerontological Society of America, vol. 69(Suppl_1), pages 35-41.
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