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Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to Assess Dental Caries, Overweight and Obesity in Schoolchildren in the City of Alfenas, Brazil

Author

Listed:
  • Iago Ramirez

    (Department of Clinic and Surgery, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas 37130-001, Brazil)

  • Diego Escobar Alves

    (Institute of Geography, Department of Physical Geography, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ/IGEOG/DGF), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Maracanã, Rio de Janeiro 25550-013, Brazil)

  • Patrick Calvano Kuchler

    (Institute of Geography, Department of Physical Geography, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ/IGEOG/DGF), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Maracanã, Rio de Janeiro 25550-013, Brazil)

  • Isabela Ribeiro Madalena

    (Department of Biomaterials, University of Uberaba, Uberaba 35430-026, Brazil
    Department of Dentistry, University of Joinville Region, Joinville 89219-710, Brazil
    School of Dentistry, Presidente Tancredo de Almeida Neves University Center, São João del Rei 66645-057, Brazil)

  • Daniela Coelho de Lima

    (Department of Clinic and Surgery, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas 37130-001, Brazil)

  • Mariane Carolina Faria Barbosa

    (Department of Clinic and Surgery, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas 37130-001, Brazil)

  • Maria Angelica Hueb de Menezes Oliveira

    (Department of Biomaterials, University of Uberaba, Uberaba 35430-026, Brazil)

  • Geraldo Thedei Júnior

    (Department of Biomaterials, University of Uberaba, Uberaba 35430-026, Brazil)

  • Flares Baratto-Filho

    (Department of Dentistry, University of Joinville Region, Joinville 89219-710, Brazil
    School of Dentistry, Tuiuti University from Parana, Curitiba 82010-210, Brazil)

  • Erika Calvano Küchler

    (Department of Biomaterials, University of Uberaba, Uberaba 35430-026, Brazil
    School of Dentistry, Tuiuti University from Parana, Curitiba 82010-210, Brazil)

  • Daniela Silva Barroso de Oliveira

    (Department of Clinic and Surgery, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas 37130-001, Brazil)

Abstract

Childhood-related obesity and overweight are increasing concerns for the health and well-being of children. Dental caries (decay) is the most prevalent oral disease during childhood, and several studies have suggested that nutritional status and dental caries are associated in children. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the geographic distribution of childhood overweight/obesity and dental caries in a medium-sized Brazilian city. This cross-sectional study was conducted with 269 children of both genders enrolled in four public schools in the city of Alfenas. The children were clinically examined to assess cavitated dental caries and nutritional status (overweight and obesity). In addition, the GIS was used for the geospatial clustering analyses. A heat map was created by the Kemel method to estimate the concentration of the outcomes. The cavitated dental caries and overweight/obesity were also pointed out by dots on the map. However, of the 269 children, 118 were boys (43.87%) and 151 were girls (56.13%). One hundred fifty-seven children (58.4%) were classified as having “non-cavitated caries,” while 112 (41.6%) were classified as having “cavitied caries.” In the nutritional status assessment, 204 children (75.84%) were classified as “eutrophic,” while 65 children (24.16%) were classified as “overweight/obesity,” A geographical correlation of dental caries with overweight/obesity may exist in the northeast and southwest areas. In conclusion, a geographical concordance between the dental caries and the occurrence of overweight/obesity among the schoolchildren from Alfenas may exist in some areas. Future studies are necessary.

Suggested Citation

  • Iago Ramirez & Diego Escobar Alves & Patrick Calvano Kuchler & Isabela Ribeiro Madalena & Daniela Coelho de Lima & Mariane Carolina Faria Barbosa & Maria Angelica Hueb de Menezes Oliveira & Geraldo Th, 2023. "Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to Assess Dental Caries, Overweight and Obesity in Schoolchildren in the City of Alfenas, Brazil," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(3), pages 1-9, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:3:p:2443-:d:1051103
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Leonor Sánchez-Pérez & Laura Patricia Sáenz-Martínez & Nelly Molina-Frechero & María Esther Irigoyen-Camacho & Marco Zepeda-Zepeda & Enrique Acosta-Gío, 2021. "Body Mass Index and Dental Caries, a Five-Year Follow-Up Study in Mexican Children," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(14), pages 1-8, July.
    2. Stefano Cianetti & Chiara Valenti & Massimiliano Orso & Giuseppe Lomurno & Michele Nardone & Anna Palma Lomurno & Stefano Pagano & Guido Lombardo, 2021. "Systematic Review of the Literature on Dental Caries and Periodontal Disease in Socio-Economically Disadvantaged Individuals," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(23), pages 1-22, November.
    3. Chin-En Yen & Yuh-Yih Lin & Suh-Woan Hu, 2021. "Anthropometric Status, Diet, and Dental Caries among Schoolchildren," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(13), pages 1-12, June.
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    Keywords

    child; dental caries; nutrition;
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