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Adherence to Mediterranean Diet and Risk of Pancreatic Cancer: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Author

Listed:
  • Daniele Nucci

    (Nutritional Support Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Via Gattamelata 64, 35128 Padua, Italy)

  • Mariateresa Nardi

    (Nutritional Support Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Via Gattamelata 64, 35128 Padua, Italy)

  • Andrea Cinnirella

    (Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Via Pascal, 20133 Milan, Italy)

  • Emanuela Campagnoli

    (Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Via Pascal, 20133 Milan, Italy)

  • Manuel Maffeo

    (Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Via Pascal, 20133 Milan, Italy)

  • Pier Mario Perrone

    (Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Via Pascal, 20133 Milan, Italy)

  • Viktoriia Shishmintseva

    (Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Via Pascal, 20133 Milan, Italy)

  • Francesca Maria Grosso

    (Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Via Pascal, 20133 Milan, Italy)

  • Ambra Castrofino

    (Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Via Pascal, 20133 Milan, Italy)

  • Silvana Castaldi

    (Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Via Pascal, 20133 Milan, Italy
    Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy)

  • Luisa Romanò

    (Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Via Pascal, 20133 Milan, Italy)

  • Vincenza Gianfredi

    (Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Via Pascal, 20133 Milan, Italy)

Abstract

Pancreatic cancer (PC) represents the 6th cause of cancer death. Although the aetiology of PC is not completely understood, numerous risk factors have been identified in association with this cancer, among them diet. However, little is known about the association between the Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) and the risk of PC. For this reason, we conducted a systematic review with meta-analysis according to the PRISMA guidelines, searching on three databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and EMBASE). The protocol was registered in PROSPERO. Both fixed and random effect models were performed. The Effect size was reported as a hazard ratio (HR) with a 95% Confidence Interval (CI). A total of eight articles were included. The methodological quality of the included meta-analyses was high. Our results show that a higher adherence to the MedDiet is associated with a lower risk of PC [HR:0.82 (0.76–0.88) p < 0.001, based on 1,301,320 subjects]. The results were also confirmed in sensitivity and subgroups analyses (avoidance of potential overlapping effects, type of tools used to assess dietary intake and the diagnosis of PC, prevalence and incidence of PC risk, country where the studies took place, sex, and cancer site). Promoting a higher adherence to the MedDiet could be an effective approach to reduce the risk of PC.

Suggested Citation

  • Daniele Nucci & Mariateresa Nardi & Andrea Cinnirella & Emanuela Campagnoli & Manuel Maffeo & Pier Mario Perrone & Viktoriia Shishmintseva & Francesca Maria Grosso & Ambra Castrofino & Silvana Castald, 2023. "Adherence to Mediterranean Diet and Risk of Pancreatic Cancer: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(3), pages 1-24, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:3:p:2403-:d:1050686
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Vincenza Gianfredi & Pietro Ferrara & Monica Dinu & Mariateresa Nardi & Daniele Nucci, 2022. "Diets, Dietary Patterns, Single Foods and Pancreatic Cancer Risk: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(22), pages 1-19, November.
    2. Daniele Nucci & Cristina Fatigoni & Tania Salvatori & Mariateresa Nardi & Stefano Realdon & Vincenza Gianfredi, 2021. "Association between Dietary Fibre Intake and Colorectal Adenoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(8), pages 1-23, April.
    3. Daniele Nucci & Cristina Fatigoni & Andrea Amerio & Anna Odone & Vincenza Gianfredi, 2020. "Red and Processed Meat Consumption and Risk of Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(18), pages 1-20, September.
    4. Vincenza Gianfredi & Maddalena Buffoli & Andrea Rebecchi & Roberto Croci & Aurea Oradini-Alacreu & Giuseppe Stirparo & Alessio Marino & Anna Odone & Stefano Capolongo & Carlo Signorelli, 2021. "Association between Urban Greenspace and Health: A Systematic Review of Literature," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(10), pages 1-23, May.
    5. Daniele Nucci & Omar Enzo Santangelo & Sandro Provenzano & Cristina Fatigoni & Mariateresa Nardi & Pietro Ferrara & Vincenza Gianfredi, 2021. "Dietary Fiber Intake and Risk of Pancreatic Cancer: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(21), pages 1-20, November.
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