IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v20y2023i3p1816-d1040552.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Factors Associated with Symptoms of Depression among People with Obesity: Analysis of a 3-Year-Peruvian National Survey

Author

Listed:
  • Víctor Juan Vera-Ponce

    (Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Ricardo Palma, Lima 15039, Peru)

  • Jenny Raquel Torres-Malca

    (Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Ricardo Palma, Lima 15039, Peru
    Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Tecnológica del Perú, Lima 15046, Peru)

  • Willy Ramos

    (Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Ricardo Palma, Lima 15039, Peru
    Instituto de Investigaciones Clínicas, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima 15001, Peru)

  • Rubén Espinoza Rojas

    (Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Ricardo Palma, Lima 15039, Peru)

  • Jamee Guerra Valencia

    (Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Ricardo Palma, Lima 15039, Peru
    Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Privada del Norte, Lima 15314, Peru)

  • Joan A. Loayza-Castro

    (Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Ricardo Palma, Lima 15039, Peru)

  • Fiorella E. Zuzunaga-Montoya

    (Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Ricardo Palma, Lima 15039, Peru)

  • Gianella Zulema Zeñas-Trujillo

    (Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Ricardo Palma, Lima 15039, Peru)

  • Liliana Cruz-Ausejo

    (Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Ricardo Palma, Lima 15039, Peru)

  • Jhony A. De La Cruz-Vargas

    (Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Ricardo Palma, Lima 15039, Peru)

Abstract

Introduction: Obesity and depression contribute to the global burden of economic cost, morbidity, and mortality. Nevertheless, not all people with obesity develop depression. Objective: To determine the factors associated with depressive symptoms among people aged 15 or older with obesity from the National Demographic and Family Health Survey (ENDES in Spanish 2019–2021). Methods: Cross-sectional analytical study. The outcome of interest was the presence of depressive symptoms, assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Crude (cPR) and adjusted (aPR) prevalence ratios were estimated using GLM Poisson distribution with robust variance estimates. Results: The prevalence of depression symptoms was 6.97%. In the multivariate analysis, a statistically significant association was found between depressive symptoms and female sex (PRa: 2.59; 95% CI 1.95–3.43); mountain region (PRa: 1.51; 95% CI 1.18–1.92); wealth index poor (PRa: 1.37; 95% CI 1.05–1.79, medium (PRa: 1.49; 95% CI 1.11–2.02), and rich (PRa: 1.65; 95% CI 1.21–2.26); daily tobacco use (PRa: 2.05, 95% CI 1.09–3.87); physical disability (PRa: 1.96, 95% CI 1.07–3.57); and a history of arterial hypertension (PRa: 2.05; 95% CI 1.63–2.55). Conclusion: There are several sociodemographic factors (such as being female and living in the Andean region) and individual factors (daily use of tobacco and history of hypertension) associated with depressive symptoms in Peruvian inhabitants aged 15 or older with obesity. In this study, the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with an increase in depressive symptoms.

Suggested Citation

  • Víctor Juan Vera-Ponce & Jenny Raquel Torres-Malca & Willy Ramos & Rubén Espinoza Rojas & Jamee Guerra Valencia & Joan A. Loayza-Castro & Fiorella E. Zuzunaga-Montoya & Gianella Zulema Zeñas-Trujillo , 2023. "Factors Associated with Symptoms of Depression among People with Obesity: Analysis of a 3-Year-Peruvian National Survey," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(3), pages 1-10, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:3:p:1816-:d:1040552
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/3/1816/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/3/1816/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Dunlop, D.D. & Manheim, L.M. & Song, J. & Lyons, J.S. & Chang, R.W., 2005. "Incidence of disability among preretirement adults: The impact of depression," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 95(11), pages 2003-2008.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Takafumi Monma & Fumi Takeda & Haruko Noguchi & Hideto Takahashi & Nanako Tamiya, 2016. "The Impact of Leisure and Social Activities on Activities of Daily Living of Middle-Aged Adults: Evidence from a National Longitudinal Survey in Japan," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 11(10), pages 1-13, October.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:3:p:1816-:d:1040552. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.