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Hourly Associations between Heat Index and Heat-Related Emergency Medical Service (EMS) Calls in Austin-Travis County, Texas

Author

Listed:
  • Kijin Seong

    (Urban Information Lab, School of Architecture, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA)

  • Junfeng Jiao

    (Urban Information Lab, School of Architecture, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA)

  • Akhil Mandalapu

    (Department of Public Health, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA)

Abstract

This paper aims to investigate the following research questions: (1) what are the hourly patterns of heat index and heat-related emergency medical service (EMS) incidents during summertime?; and (2) how do the lagged effects of heat intensity and hourly excess heat (HEH) vary by heat-related symptoms? Using the hourly weather and heat-related EMS call data in Austin-Travis County, Texas, this paper reveals the relationship between heat index patterns on an hourly basis and heat-related health issues and evaluates the immediate health effects of extreme heat events by utilizing a distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM). Delving into the heat index intensity and HEH, our findings suggest that higher heat intensity has immediate, short-term lagged effects on all causes of heat-related EMS incidents, including in cardiovascular, respiratory, neurological, and non-severe cases, while its relative risk (RR) varies by time. HEH also shows a short-term cumulative lagged effect within 5 h in all-cause, cardiovascular, and non-severe symptoms, while there are no statistically significant RRs found for respiratory and neurological cases in the short term. Our findings could be a reference for policymakers when devoting resources, developing extreme heat warning standards, and optimizing local EMS services, providing data-driven evidence for the effective deployment of ambulances.

Suggested Citation

  • Kijin Seong & Junfeng Jiao & Akhil Mandalapu, 2023. "Hourly Associations between Heat Index and Heat-Related Emergency Medical Service (EMS) Calls in Austin-Travis County, Texas," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(19), pages 1-15, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:19:p:6853-:d:1249769
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Campbell, Ann Melissa & Jones, Philip C., 2011. "Prepositioning supplies in preparation for disasters," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 209(2), pages 156-165, March.
    2. Rebecca Hirschhorn & Oluwagbemiga DadeMatthews & JoEllen Sefton, 2021. "Exertional Heat Stroke Knowledge and Management among Emergency Medical Service Providers," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(9), pages 1-15, May.
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