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Location Optimization of Urban Fire Stations Considering the Backup Coverage

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  • Liufeng Tao

    (School of Computer Science, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
    State Key Laboratory of Geo-Information Engineering, Xi’an 710000, China)

  • Yuqiong Cui

    (National Engineering Research Center of Geographic Information System, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China)

  • Yongyang Xu

    (School of Computer Science, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
    State Key Laboratory of Geo-Information Engineering, Xi’an 710000, China
    Guangdong Hong Kong Macau Joint Laboratory for Smart Cities, Shenzhen 518034, China)

  • Zhanlong Chen

    (School of Computer Science, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China)

  • Han Guo

    (Key Laboratory of Urban Land Resources Monitoring and Simulation, Ministry of Natural Resources, Shenzhen 518034, China)

  • Bo Huang

    (Wuhan Zondy Cyber Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430073, China)

  • Zhong Xie

    (School of Computer Science, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China)

Abstract

Urban fires threaten the economic stability and safety of urban residents. Therefore, the limited number of fire stations should cover as many places as possible. Moreover, places with high fire risk should be covered by more fire stations. To optimize the location of urban fire stations, we construct a multi-objective optimization model for fire station planning based on the backup coverage model. The improved value of environment and ecosystem (SAVEE) model is introduced to quantify the spatial heterogeneity of urban fires. The main city zone of Wuhan is used as the study area to validate the proposed method. The results show that, considering the existing fire stations (85 facilities), the proposed model achieves a significant 38.56% in high-risk areas that can be covered by more than one fire station. If the existing fire stations are not considered when building 95 fire stations, the proposed model can achieve coverage of 50.07% in high-risk areas by utilizing more than one fire station. As a result, the proposed backup coverage model would perform better if the protection of high-risk areas is improved with as few fire stations as possible to guarantee more places covered.

Suggested Citation

  • Liufeng Tao & Yuqiong Cui & Yongyang Xu & Zhanlong Chen & Han Guo & Bo Huang & Zhong Xie, 2022. "Location Optimization of Urban Fire Stations Considering the Backup Coverage," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(1), pages 1-18, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2022:i:1:p:627-:d:1019697
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Constantine Toregas & Ralph Swain & Charles ReVelle & Lawrence Bergman, 1971. "The Location of Emergency Service Facilities," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 19(6), pages 1363-1373, October.
    2. Nyimbili, Penjani Hopkins & Erden, Turan, 2020. "GIS-based fuzzy multi-criteria approach for optimal site selection of fire stations in Istanbul, Turkey," Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 71(C).
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