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The Association between Self-Rated Health Status, Psychosocial Stress, Eating Behaviors, and Food Intake According to the Level of Sunlight Exposure in Korean Adults

Author

Listed:
  • Hyo-Jeong Hwang

    (Department of Food and Nutrition, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Yean-Jung Choi

    (Department of Food and Nutrition, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Dongwan Hong

    (Department of Medical Informatics, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea)

Abstract

Sunlight exposure has been reported to have various beneficial effects on human health. This study investigated the relationship between self-rated health status, psychosocial stress, eating behaviors, and food intake according to sunlight exposure in 948 adults. Sunlight exposure was classified as less than one hour, less than three hours, and greater than three hours. Of the participants, 49.2% had fewer than three hours of daily exposure to sunlight. Regarding participants exposed to sunlight for less than one hour, the largest response was that they did not engage in outdoor activities on weekdays or weekends, and the rate of being outdoors in the shade on sunny days was the highest in this group at 42.7%. Furthermore, the participants exposed to sunlight for less than one hour had a lower health response than the other two groups, and there were significantly more participants classified in the stress risk group. Regarding eating habits, those with less than an hour of exposure to sunlight frequently ate fried foods, fatty foods, added salt, and snacks, and had significantly lower total dietary scores or three regular meals. Additionally, their frequency of consumption of cereals, milk and dairy products, orange juice, and pork was also significantly lower than the other groups. Thus, it is necessary to provide sufficient guidelines for adequate sunlight exposure and food intake because participants with low sunlight exposure may have low vitamin D synthesis and insufficient food intake.

Suggested Citation

  • Hyo-Jeong Hwang & Yean-Jung Choi & Dongwan Hong, 2022. "The Association between Self-Rated Health Status, Psychosocial Stress, Eating Behaviors, and Food Intake According to the Level of Sunlight Exposure in Korean Adults," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(1), pages 1-13, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2022:i:1:p:262-:d:1013559
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Roni Elran Barak & Kerem Shuval & Qing Li & Reid Oetjen & Jeffrey Drope & Amy L. Yaroch & Bob M. Fennis & Matthew Harding, 2021. "Emotional Eating in Adults: The Role of Sociodemographics, Lifestyle Behaviors, and Self-Regulation—Findings from a U.S. National Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-10, February.
    2. Calvin P. Tribby & Frank M. Perna & David Berrigan, 2019. "Walking and Sun Protective Behaviors: Cross-Sectional Associations of Beneficial Health Factors," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-14, July.
    3. Sandra Jaworeck & Peter Kriwy, 2021. "It’s Sunny, Be Healthy? An International Comparison of the Influence of Sun Exposure and Latitude Lines on Self-Rated Health," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(8), pages 1-19, April.
    4. Ci-Wen Luo & Shih-Pin Chen & Chen-Yu Chiang & Wen-Jun Wu & Chun-Jung Chen & Wen-Ying Chen & Yu-Hsiang Kuan, 2022. "Association between Ultraviolet B Exposure Levels and Depression in Taiwanese Adults: A Nested Case–Control Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(11), pages 1-13, June.
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