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Association of Gulf War Illness with Characteristics in Deployed vs. Non-Deployed Gulf War Era Veterans in the Cooperative Studies Program 2006/Million Veteran Program 029 Cohort: A Cross-Sectional Analysis

Author

Listed:
  • Linh M. Duong

    (Cooperative Studies Program Clinical Epidemiology Research Center (CSP-CERC), VA Connecticut Healthcare System 151B, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
    Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA)

  • Alice B. S. Nono Djotsa

    (Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness, and Safety (IQuESt), Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
    Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA)

  • Jacqueline Vahey

    (VA Cooperative Studies Program Epidemiology Center—Durham, Department of Veterans Affairs, Durham, NC 27705, USA
    Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Program, Duke University, Durham, NC 27705, USA)

  • Lea Steele

    (Veterans Health Research Program, Yudofsky Division of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA)

  • Rachel Quaden

    (Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center (MAVERIC), VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02130, USA)

  • Kelly M. Harrington

    (Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center (MAVERIC), VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02130, USA
    Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA)

  • Sarah T. Ahmed

    (Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness, and Safety (IQuESt), Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
    Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA)

  • Renato Polimanti

    (Cooperative Studies Program Clinical Epidemiology Research Center (CSP-CERC), VA Connecticut Healthcare System 151B, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
    Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA)

  • Elani Streja

    (Cooperative Studies Program Clinical Epidemiology Research Center (CSP-CERC), VA Connecticut Healthcare System 151B, West Haven, CT 06516, USA)

  • John Michael Gaziano

    (Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center (MAVERIC), VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02130, USA
    Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA)

  • John Concato

    (Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
    Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA)

  • Hongyu Zhao

    (Cooperative Studies Program Clinical Epidemiology Research Center (CSP-CERC), VA Connecticut Healthcare System 151B, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
    Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT 06520, USA)

  • Krishnan Radhakrishnan

    (National Mental Health and Substance Use Policy Laboratory, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, MD 20857, USA)

  • Elizabeth R. Hauser

    (VA Cooperative Studies Program Epidemiology Center—Durham, Department of Veterans Affairs, Durham, NC 27705, USA
    Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27705, USA)

  • Drew A. Helmer

    (Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness, and Safety (IQuESt), Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
    Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA)

  • Mihaela Aslan

    (Cooperative Studies Program Clinical Epidemiology Research Center (CSP-CERC), VA Connecticut Healthcare System 151B, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
    Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA)

  • Elizabeth J. Gifford

    (VA Cooperative Studies Program Epidemiology Center—Durham, Department of Veterans Affairs, Durham, NC 27705, USA
    Center for Child and Family Policy, Duke Margolis Center for Health Policy, Duke University Sanford School of Public Policy, Durham, NC 27708, USA)

Abstract

Gulf War Illness (GWI), a chronic multisymptom illness with a complex and uncertain etiology and pathophysiology, is highly prevalent among veterans deployed to the 1990–1991 GW. We examined how GWI phenotypes varied by demographic and military characteristics among GW-era veterans. Data were from the VA’s Cooperative Studies Program 2006/Million Veteran Program (MVP) 029 cohort, Genomics of GWI. From June 2018 to March 2019, 109,976 MVP enrollees (out of a total of over 676,000) were contacted to participate in the 1990–1991 GW-era Survey. Of 109,976 eligible participants, 45,169 (41.1%) responded to the 2018–2019 survey, 35,902 respondents met study inclusion criteria, 13,107 deployed to the GW theater. GWI phenotypes were derived from Kansas (KS) and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) GWI definitions: (a) KS Symptoms (KS Sym+), (b) KS GWI (met symptom criteria and without exclusionary health conditions) [KS GWI: Sym+/Dx−], (c) CDC GWI and (d) CDC GWI Severe. The prevalence of each phenotype was 67.1% KS Sym+, 21.5% KS Sym+/Dx−, 81.1% CDC GWI, and 18.6% CDC GWI severe. These findings affirm the persistent presence of GWI among GW veterans providing a foundation for further exploration of biological and environmental underpinnings of this condition.

Suggested Citation

  • Linh M. Duong & Alice B. S. Nono Djotsa & Jacqueline Vahey & Lea Steele & Rachel Quaden & Kelly M. Harrington & Sarah T. Ahmed & Renato Polimanti & Elani Streja & John Michael Gaziano & John Concato &, 2022. "Association of Gulf War Illness with Characteristics in Deployed vs. Non-Deployed Gulf War Era Veterans in the Cooperative Studies Program 2006/Million Veteran Program 029 Cohort: A Cross-Sectional An," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(1), pages 1-22, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2022:i:1:p:258-:d:1013525
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Anthony R. Mawson & Ashley M. Croft, 2019. "Gulf War Illness: Unifying Hypothesis for a Continuing Health Problem," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-16, January.
    2. Alice B. Popejoy, 2021. "Too many scientists still say Caucasian," Nature, Nature, vol. 596(7873), pages 463-463, August.
    3. Clara G. Zundel & Maxine H. Krengel & Timothy Heeren & Megan K. Yee & Claudia M. Grasso & Patricia A. Janulewicz Lloyd & Steven S. Coughlin & Kimberly Sullivan, 2019. "Rates of Chronic Medical Conditions in 1991 Gulf War Veterans Compared to the General Population," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(6), pages 1-16, March.
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