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Musculoskeletal Pain in Family Caregivers: Does a Therapeutic Physical Program in Primary Care Work? A Randomized Controlled Trial

Author

Listed:
  • Federico Montero-Cuadrado

    (Unit for Active Coping Strategies for Pain in Primary Care, East-Valladolid Primary Care Management, Castilla y Leon Public Health System (Sacyl), 47011 Valladolid, Spain
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Laura Barrero-Santiago

    (Unit for Active Coping Strategies for Pain in Primary Care, East-Valladolid Primary Care Management, Castilla y Leon Public Health System (Sacyl), 47011 Valladolid, Spain
    Department of Cell Biology, Genetics, Histology, and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid, Av. Ramón y Cajal 7, 47005 Valladolid, Spain
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Rocío Llamas-Ramos

    (Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Universidad de Salamanca, Avda. Donantes de Sangre s/n, 37007 Salamanca, Spain)

  • Inés Llamas-Ramos

    (Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Universidad de Salamanca, Avda. Donantes de Sangre s/n, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
    University Hospital of Salamanca, P.º de San Vicente, 182, 37007 Salamanca, Spain)

Abstract

Background: Family caregivers play a crucial role in the overall healthcare system and in our society. The elderly population is significantly increasing, which creates a high demand for family caregivers. Few studies have investigated the impact of caregiving on musculoskeletal pain or proposed an active approach for dealing with it. Objectives: To determine and characterize musculoskeletal pain in female family caregivers (FFCs) and assess the effects of adding a therapeutic exercise program to a family caregiver care program (FCCP) on the quality of life, physical conditions, and psychological well-being of FFCs. Methods: A multicenter randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted with 68 FFCs recruited in two public healthcare areas. The intervention and control groups received the same conventional FCCP for 6 h across 4 sessions. The intervention group received an additional 36 sessions of physical therapeutic exercise (PTE) program over 12 weeks. Results: All caregivers reported having pain in particular locations. Lower back pain and neck pain were the locations most frequently cited, with a prevalence of 69.4% and 56.7%, respectively. In total, 80% of participants presented moderate pain intensity. The intervention group showed a significant decrease in the intensity of the pain ( p < 0.001), as well as in anxiety, depression, subjective burden perception ( p < 0.01), and quality-of-life variables, including MCS (mental component summary) ( p < 0.05) and PCS (physical component summary) ( p < 0.001). Conclusions: A PTE program improved the musculoskeletal pain of FFCs in a clinically relevant way. The caregivers who improved the most were those who initially presented the most intense pain, had the greatest levels of disability, and had the lowest quality of life.

Suggested Citation

  • Federico Montero-Cuadrado & Laura Barrero-Santiago & Rocío Llamas-Ramos & Inés Llamas-Ramos, 2022. "Musculoskeletal Pain in Family Caregivers: Does a Therapeutic Physical Program in Primary Care Work? A Randomized Controlled Trial," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(1), pages 1-15, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2022:i:1:p:185-:d:1012301
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Kishiko Suzuki & Koji Tamakoshi & Hisataka Sakakibara, 2016. "Caregiving activities closely associated with the development of low‐back pain among female family caregivers," Journal of Clinical Nursing, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 25(15-16), pages 2156-2167, August.
    2. Federico Montero-Cuadrado & Miguel Ángel Galán-Martín & Javier Sánchez-Sánchez & Enrique Lluch & Agustín Mayo-Iscar & Ántonio Cuesta-Vargas, 2020. "Effectiveness of a Physical Therapeutic Exercise Programme for Caregivers of Dependent Patients: A Pragmatic Randomised Controlled Trial from Spanish Primary Care," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(20), pages 1-23, October.
    3. Miguel Madruga & Margarita Gozalo & Josué Prieto & José Carmelo Adsuar & Narcis Gusi, 2020. "Psychological Symptomatology in Informal Caregivers of Persons with Dementia: Influences on Health-Related Quality of Life," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(3), pages 1-11, February.
    4. Bauer, Jan Michael & Sousa-Poza, Alfonso, 2015. "Impacts of Informal Caregiving on Caregiver Employment, Health, and Family," IZA Discussion Papers 8851, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
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