IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v20y2022i1p101-d1010741.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Effect of Electrical Muscle Stimulation and Resistance Exercise Intervention on Physical and Brain Function in Middle-Aged and Older Women

Author

Listed:
  • Ngeemasara Thapa

    (Department of Health Sciences, Graduate School, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea
    Laboratory of Smart Healthcare, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Ja-Gyeong Yang

    (Department of Health Sciences, Graduate School, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea
    Laboratory of Smart Healthcare, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Seongryu Bae

    (Department of Health Sciences, Graduate School, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea
    Laboratory of Smart Healthcare, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea)

  • Gwon-Min Kim

    (Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University, Busan 49241, Republic of Korea)

  • Hye-Jin Park

    (Department of Health Sciences, Graduate School, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea
    Laboratory of Smart Healthcare, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea)

  • Hyuntae Park

    (Department of Health Sciences, Graduate School, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea
    Laboratory of Smart Healthcare, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea)

Abstract

This study investigated the effectiveness of electrical muscle stimulation (EMS) with resistance exercise training (ERT) and resistance exercise training (RT) on physical and brain function in middle-aged and older women. Method: Forty-eight participants were randomly allocated into three groups: (i) ERT ( n = 16), (ii) RT ( n = 16), and (iii) control group ( n = 16). The intervention session was 50 min long and performed three times/week for four weeks. The ERT group performed quadriceps setting, straight leg raises, and ankle pump exercises while constantly receiving EMS on their quadriceps muscle on both legs. The RT group performed the same exercise without EMS. Physical function was measured using skeletal muscle mass index (SMI), handgrip strength, gait speed, five times sit-to-stand test (FTSS) and timed up-and-go test (TUG). Brain function was assessed with electroencephalogram measurement of whole brain activity. Results: After four-week intervention, significant improvements were observed in SMI ( p < 0.01), phase angle ( p < 0.05), and gait speed ( p < 0.05) in the ERT group compared to the control group. ERT also increased muscle strength ( p < 0.05) and mobility in lower limbs as observed in FTSS and TUG tests ( p < 0.05) at post-intervention compared to the baseline. In the ERT group, significant positive changes were observed in Beta1 band power, Theta band power, and Alpha1 band whole brain connectivity ( p < 0.005) compared to the control group. Conclusions: Our findings showed that ERT can improve muscle and brain function in middle-aged and older adults during a four-week intervention program whereas significant improvements were not observed with RT. Therefore might be one of the feasible alternative intervention to RT for the prevention of muscle loss whilst improving brain function for middle-aged and older population.

Suggested Citation

  • Ngeemasara Thapa & Ja-Gyeong Yang & Seongryu Bae & Gwon-Min Kim & Hye-Jin Park & Hyuntae Park, 2022. "Effect of Electrical Muscle Stimulation and Resistance Exercise Intervention on Physical and Brain Function in Middle-Aged and Older Women," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(1), pages 1-12, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2022:i:1:p:101-:d:1010741
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/1/101/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/20/1/101/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. James A. Timmons & Keith Baar & Peter K. Davidsen & Philip J. Atherton, 2012. "Is irisin a human exercise gene?," Nature, Nature, vol. 488(7413), pages 9-10, August.
    2. Catarina N. Matias & Francesco Campa & Catarina L. Nunes & Rubén Francisco & Filipe Jesus & Miguel Cardoso & Maria J. Valamatos & Pedro Mil Homens & Luís B. Sardinha & Paulo Martins & Cláudia Minderic, 2021. "Phase Angle Is a Marker of Muscle Quantity and Strength in Overweight/Obese Former Athletes," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(12), pages 1-10, June.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Zhijun Tan & Zengchun Ye & Jun Zhang & Yanru Chen & Cailian Cheng & Cheng Wang & Xun Liu & Tanqi Lou & Hui Peng, 2017. "Serum irisin levels correlated to peritoneal dialysis adequacy in nondiabetic peritoneal dialysis patients," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(4), pages 1-13, April.
    2. Hee-Tae Roh & Su-Youn Cho & Wi-Young So, 2020. "Effects of Regular Taekwondo Intervention on Oxidative Stress Biomarkers and Myokines in Overweight and Obese Adolescents," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(7), pages 1-11, April.
    3. Eugenia Murawska-Cialowicz & Pawel Wolanski & Jolanta Zuwala-Jagiello & Yuri Feito & Miroslav Petr & Jakub Kokstejn & Petr Stastny & Dawid Goliński, 2020. "Effect of HIIT with Tabata Protocol on Serum Irisin, Physical Performance, and Body Composition in Men," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(10), pages 1-15, May.
    4. Katsuhiko Suzuki & Amir Hossein Ahmadi Hekmatikar & Shadi Jalalian & Shaghayegh Abbasi & Elmira Ahmadi & Abdolreza Kazemi & Ruheea Taskin Ruhee & Kayvan Khoramipour, 2022. "The Potential of Exerkines in Women’s COVID-19: A New Idea for a Better and More Accurate Understanding of the Mechanisms behind Physical Exercise," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(23), pages 1-21, November.
    5. Olivia González Acevedo & Jerónimo Aragón-Vela & Juan Carlos De la Cruz Márquez & Manuel Martínez Marín & Rafael A. Casuso & Jesús R. Huertas, 2022. "Seawater Hydration Modulates IL-6 and Apelin Production during Triathlon Events: A Crossover Randomized Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(15), pages 1-11, August.
    6. Harald Staiger & Anja Böhm & Mika Scheler & Lucia Berti & Jürgen Machann & Fritz Schick & Fausto Machicao & Andreas Fritsche & Norbert Stefan & Cora Weigert & Anna Krook & Hans-Ulrich Häring & Martin , 2013. "Common Genetic Variation in the Human FNDC5 Locus, Encoding the Novel Muscle-Derived ‘Browning’ Factor Irisin, Determines Insulin Sensitivity," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 8(4), pages 1-11, April.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2022:i:1:p:101-:d:1010741. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.