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The Role of Motor Coordination, ADHD-Related Characteristics and Temperament among Mothers and Infants in Exclusive Breastfeeding: A Cohort Prospective Study

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  • Adi Freund-Azaria

    (Occupational Therapy Department, School of Health Professions, Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel
    Department of Neonatology, Meir Medical Center, Kfar-Saba 4428164, Israel)

  • Tami Bar-Shalita

    (Occupational Therapy Department, School of Health Professions, Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel)

  • Rivka Regev

    (Clalit Health Organization and Neonatal Follow-Up Clinic, Kfar-Saba 4428164, Israel)

  • Orit Bart

    (Occupational Therapy Department, School of Health Professions, Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel)

Abstract

Although exclusive breastfeeding is recommended for the first 6 months of life, breastfeeding rates are low. Motor skills and ADHD-related characteristics have not yet been examined as breastfeeding barriers. The aim of this study was to explore whether mothers’ and infants’ motor skills, mothers’ ADHD-related characteristics and infants’ temperament are associated with exclusive breastfeeding at 6 months after birth. Participants were 164 mothers and their infants recruited 2 days after birth. Mothers completed a demographic and delivery information questionnaire, the Infant Feeding Intentions Scale and the Iowa Infant Feeding Attitude Scale. At 6 months, mothers completed the Adult DCD (developmental coordination disorder)/Dyspraxia Checklist, the Adult ADHD (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder) Self-Report Scale Symptom Checklist-v1.1, and the Infant Characteristics Questionnaire, and provided information about their breastfeeding status. They were then divided into two groups accordingly: EBF (exclusive breastfeeding) and NEBF (non-exclusive breastfeeding). Infants were observed using the Test of Sensory Functions in Infants and the Alberta Infant Motor Scale. At 6 months, NEBF mothers reported higher prevalence of DCD (10.2% vs. 1.9%, χ 2 = 5.561, p = 0.018) and ADHD (20.3% vs. 8.6%, χ 2 = 4.680, p = 0.030) compared to EBF mothers. EBF infants demonstrated better motor coordination (t = 2.47, p = 0.016, d = 0.511), but no temperament differences compared to NEBF infants. Maternal DCD, ADHD and poor infant motor coordination are associated with non-exclusive breastfeeding and may become exclusive breastfeeding barriers. These findings may assist in identifying women at risk of not exclusively breastfeeding and encourage tailoring interventions for achieving higher exclusive breastfeeding rates.

Suggested Citation

  • Adi Freund-Azaria & Tami Bar-Shalita & Rivka Regev & Orit Bart, 2022. "The Role of Motor Coordination, ADHD-Related Characteristics and Temperament among Mothers and Infants in Exclusive Breastfeeding: A Cohort Prospective Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(9), pages 1-14, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:9:p:5509-:d:807236
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Andrea Gila-Díaz & Gloria Herranz Carrillo & Ángel Luis López de Pablo & Silvia M. Arribas & David Ramiro-Cortijo, 2020. "Association between Maternal Postpartum Depression, Stress, Optimism, and Breastfeeding Pattern in the First Six Months," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(19), pages 1-13, September.
    2. Mahnaz Zarshenas & Yun Zhao & Jane A. Scott & Colin W. Binns, 2020. "Determinants of Breastfeeding Duration in Shiraz, Southwest Iran," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(4), pages 1-10, February.
    3. Esmeralda Santacruz-Salas & Isaac Aranda-Reneo & Antonio Segura-Fragoso & Ana Isabel Cobo-Cuenca & José Alberto Laredo-Aguilera & Juan Manuel Carmona-Torres, 2019. "Mothers’ Expectations and Factors Influencing Exclusive Breastfeeding during the First 6 Months," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(1), pages 1-10, December.
    4. Štefica Mikšić & Boran Uglešić & Jelena Jakab & Dubravka Holik & Andrea Milostić Srb & Dunja Degmečić, 2020. "Positive Effect of Breastfeeding on Child Development, Anxiety, and Postpartum Depression," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(8), pages 1-8, April.
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