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Association between Self-Perceived Periodic Limb Movement during Sleep and Excessive Daytime Sleepiness Depend on Restless Leg Symptoms in Korean Adolescents

Author

Listed:
  • Hyeyun Kim

    (Department of Neurology, International St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon 22711, Korea)

  • Kwang Ik Yang

    (Sleep Disorders Center, Department of Neurology, Soonchunhyang University, College of Medicine, Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan 31151, Korea)

  • Jun-Sang Sunwoo

    (Department of Neurology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Seoul 03181, Korea)

  • Jongkyu Park

    (Sleep Disorders Center, Department of Neurology, Soonchunhyang University, College of Medicine, Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan 31151, Korea)

  • Nam Hun Heo

    (Clinical Trial Center, Department of Biostatics, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan 31151, Korea)

  • Jee Hyun Kim

    (Department of Neurology, Ewha Womans University Seoul Hospital, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07804, Korea)

  • Seung Bong Hong

    (Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06351, Korea)

Abstract

Although periodic limb movement during sleep (PLMS) and restless legs syndrome (RLS) are common in children and adolescents, they are relatively overlooked as a target of treatment. PLMS has been evaluated as having a lower clinical significance than RLS. This study examined the relationship of socio-behavioral factors of PLMS in Korean adolescents and checked whether PLMS is associated with excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), depending on whether restless legs symptoms accompany it. In a cross-sectional study, 25,789 adolescents between 12 and 18 years of age (15.76 ± 1.73 years; female 51.49%) were evaluated using an online survey. Various self-report questionnaires were used to assess PLMS and RLS symptoms, EDS, sleep habits, and various socio-behavioral factors. The prevalence of self-perceived PLMS and restless legs symptoms were 903 (3.50%) and 1311 (5.08%), respectively. Of the 1311 participants, 399 had self-perceived PLMS. The odds ratios (ORs) for self-perceived PLMS in participants with restless legs symptoms were: males (OR = 1.528; 95% CI: 1.145–2.040), usually/always experienced apnea apnea (OR, 3.006; 95% CI, 1.954–4.624), increased proneness to Internet addiction (OR = 1.013; 95% CI: 1.001–1.025), sometimes/often consuming coffee (OR = 1.312; 95% CI: 1.015–1.695), EDS (OR = 0.826; 95% CI: 0.488–1.398), and perceived insufficient sleep (OR = 1.143; 95% CI: 0.835–1.565). The male gender, witness apnea, consuming coffee, and being prone to Internet addiction were identified as factors significantly associated with self-perceived PLMS in participants with restless legs symptoms. However, EDS and insufficient sleep were associated with self-perceived PLMS in the absence of restless legs symptoms.

Suggested Citation

  • Hyeyun Kim & Kwang Ik Yang & Jun-Sang Sunwoo & Jongkyu Park & Nam Hun Heo & Jee Hyun Kim & Seung Bong Hong, 2022. "Association between Self-Perceived Periodic Limb Movement during Sleep and Excessive Daytime Sleepiness Depend on Restless Leg Symptoms in Korean Adolescents," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(8), pages 1-14, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:8:p:4751-:d:793780
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Woong-Sub Park & SangA Kim & Hyeyun Kim, 2019. "Gender Difference in the Effect of Short Sleep Time on Suicide among Korean Adolescents," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(18), pages 1-10, September.
    2. Chan Ying Ying & S Maria Awaluddin & Lim Kuang Kuay & Cheong Siew Man & Azli Baharudin & Ling Miaw Yn & Norhafizah Sahril & Mohd Azahadi Omar & Noor Ani Ahmad & Normala Ibrahim, 2020. "Association of Internet Addiction with Adolescents’ Lifestyle: A National School-Based Survey," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(1), pages 1-13, December.
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