IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v19y2022i7p4375-d787413.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Changes in Perceived Stress and Lifestyle Behaviors in Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic in The Netherlands: An Online Longitudinal Survey Study

Author

Listed:
  • Isabel A. L. Slurink

    (Center of Research on Psychological Disorders and Somatic Diseases (CORPS), Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Tilburg University, 5000 LE Tilburg, The Netherlands)

  • Veerle R. Smaardijk

    (Center of Research on Psychological Disorders and Somatic Diseases (CORPS), Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Tilburg University, 5000 LE Tilburg, The Netherlands)

  • Willem J. Kop

    (Center of Research on Psychological Disorders and Somatic Diseases (CORPS), Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Tilburg University, 5000 LE Tilburg, The Netherlands)

  • Nina Kupper

    (Center of Research on Psychological Disorders and Somatic Diseases (CORPS), Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Tilburg University, 5000 LE Tilburg, The Netherlands)

  • Floortje Mols

    (Center of Research on Psychological Disorders and Somatic Diseases (CORPS), Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Tilburg University, 5000 LE Tilburg, The Netherlands)

  • Dounya Schoormans

    (Center of Research on Psychological Disorders and Somatic Diseases (CORPS), Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Tilburg University, 5000 LE Tilburg, The Netherlands)

  • Sabita S. Soedamah-Muthu

    (Center of Research on Psychological Disorders and Somatic Diseases (CORPS), Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Tilburg University, 5000 LE Tilburg, The Netherlands
    Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AR, UK)

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has substantial implications for physical and mental wellbeing. This study investigated changes, over time, in lifestyle behaviors and perceived stress during the initial phase of the pandemic and associations with COVID-19 symptoms, in the Dutch general population. An online longitudinal survey study was performed with pre-lockdown measurements in February, and subsequently in April and June 2020 ( n = 259, mean age 59 ± 14 years, 59% women). Self-report questionnaires were used to assess weight, diet quality, physical activity, alcohol intake, and smoking. Perceived stress was measured using the validated perceived stress scale (PSS-10). The presence of COVID-19 symptoms (yes/no) was defined as fever, or >3 of the following symptoms: weakness/tiredness, muscle ache, dry cough, loss of smell/taste, and breathing difficulties. Data were analyzed using linear mixed models, adjusted for age, sex, educational level, marital status and (change in) employment status. Minimal increases over time were observed in alcohol intake (0.6 ± 0.7 to 0.7 ± 1.1 glasses/day, p = 0.001) and smoking (9.5 ± 8.7 to 10.9 ± 9.4 cigarettes/day among 10% smokers, p = 0.03), but other lifestyle behaviors remained stable. In April 2020, 15% reported COVID-19-related symptoms, and in June 2020, this was 10%. The presence of COVID-19 symptoms was associated with increased perceived stress ( p interaction = 0.003) and increased alcohol consumption ( p interaction = 0.03) over time. In conclusion, in this prospective study, COVID-19 symptoms were associated with increases in perceived stress and alcohol consumption. Future research on biopsychosocial determinants and underlying mechanisms of lifestyle changes, as a response to the COVID-19 pandemic, is needed.

Suggested Citation

  • Isabel A. L. Slurink & Veerle R. Smaardijk & Willem J. Kop & Nina Kupper & Floortje Mols & Dounya Schoormans & Sabita S. Soedamah-Muthu, 2022. "Changes in Perceived Stress and Lifestyle Behaviors in Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic in The Netherlands: An Online Longitudinal Survey Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(7), pages 1-13, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:7:p:4375-:d:787413
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/7/4375/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/7/4375/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Cristina Romero-Blanco & Julián Rodríguez-Almagro & María Dolores Onieva-Zafra & María Laura Parra-Fernández & María del Carmen Prado-Laguna & Antonio Hernández-Martínez, 2020. "Physical Activity and Sedentary Lifestyle in University Students: Changes during Confinement Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(18), pages 1-13, September.
    2. Cuiyan Wang & Riyu Pan & Xiaoyang Wan & Yilin Tan & Linkang Xu & Cyrus S. Ho & Roger C. Ho, 2020. "Immediate Psychological Responses and Associated Factors during the Initial Stage of the 2019 Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Epidemic among the General Population in China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(5), pages 1-25, March.
    3. Adam Runacres & Kelly A. Mackintosh & Rachel L. Knight & Liba Sheeran & Rhys Thatcher & James Shelley & Melitta A. McNarry, 2021. "Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Sedentary Time and Behaviour in Children and Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(21), pages 1-26, October.
    4. Jeannet M. Delbressine & Felipe V. C. Machado & Yvonne M. J. Goërtz & Maarten Van Herck & Roy Meys & Sarah Houben-Wilke & Chris Burtin & Frits M. E. Franssen & Yvonne Spies & Herman Vijlbrief & Alex J, 2021. "The Impact of Post-COVID-19 Syndrome on Self-Reported Physical Activity," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(11), pages 1-11, June.
    5. Raffaella Cancello & Davide Soranna & Gaia Zambra & Antonella Zambon & Cecilia Invitti, 2020. "Determinants of the Lifestyle Changes during COVID-19 Pandemic in the Residents of Northern Italy," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(17), pages 1-14, August.
    6. Cristina González-Monroy & Irene Gómez-Gómez & Cristian M. Olarte-Sánchez & Emma Motrico, 2021. "Eating Behaviour Changes during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review of Longitudinal Studies," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(21), pages 1-24, October.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Mohammad Al-Rawi & Ahmed M. Al-Jumaily & Annette Lazonby, 2022. "Did You Just Cough? Visualization of Vapor Diffusion in an Office Using Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(16), pages 1-17, August.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. van de Weijer, Margot P. & de Vries, Lianne P. & Pelt, Dirk H.M. & Ligthart, Lannie & Willemsen, Gonneke & Boomsma, Dorret I. & de Geus, Eco & Bartels, Meike, 2022. "Self-rated health when population health is challenged by the COVID-19 pandemic; a longitudinal study," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 306(C).
    2. Adrián De la Rosa & Armando Monterrosa Quintero & María Alejandra Camacho-Villa & Coralie Arc-Chagnaud & André Gustavo Pereira de Andrade & Sergio Reyes-Correa & Ronald Quintero-Bernal & Juan Pedro Fu, 2022. "Physical Activity Levels and Psychological Well-Being during COVID-19 Lockdown among University Students and Employees," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(18), pages 1-14, September.
    3. Juana Inés Gallego-Gómez & María Campillo-Cano & Aurora Carrión-Martínez & Serafín Balanza & María Teresa Rodríguez-González-Moro & Agustín Javier Simonelli-Muñoz & José Miguel Rivera-Caravaca, 2020. "The COVID-19 Pandemic and Its Impact on Homebound Nursing Students," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(20), pages 1-12, October.
    4. Teresa Rubio-Tomás & Maria Skouroliakou & Dimitrios Ntountaniotis, 2022. "Lockdown Due to COVID-19 and Its Consequences on Diet, Physical Activity, Lifestyle, and Other Aspects of Daily Life Worldwide: A Narrative Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(11), pages 1-41, June.
    5. Justin A. DeBlauw & Mary Stenson & Astrid Mel & Daniela German & Aaron Jaggernauth & Brian Lora & Noa Schabes & Raymani Walker & Farouq Yusuf & Stephen J. Ives, 2023. "The Impact of COVID-19 Health and Safety Measures on the Self-Reported Exercise Behaviors and Mental Health of College Students," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(24), pages 1-14, December.
    6. Anna Mulasso & Margherita Micheletti Cremasco & Simone Cuomo & Andrea Testa & Lynda Stella Lattke & Aurelia De Lorenzo & Alberto Rainoldi & Emanuela Rabaglietti, 2023. "“Stay at Home” during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Effects on Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior in an Italian Academic Community," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(2), pages 1-13, January.
    7. Yolanda Marcén-Román & Angel Gasch-Gallen & Irene Isabel Vela Martín de la Mota & Estela Calatayud & Isabel Gómez-Soria & Beatriz Rodríguez-Roca, 2021. "Stress Perceived by University Health Sciences Students, 1 Year after COVID-19 Pandemic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(10), pages 1-10, May.
    8. Sara Esteban-Gonzalo & María Caballero-Galilea & Juan Luis González-Pascual & Miguel Álvaro-Navidad & Laura Esteban-Gonzalo, 2021. "Anxiety and Worries among Pregnant Women during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Multilevel Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(13), pages 1-15, June.
    9. Rachel L. Knight & Melitta A. McNarry & Liba Sheeran & Adam W. Runacres & Rhys Thatcher & James Shelley & Kelly A. Mackintosh, 2021. "Moving Forward: Understanding Correlates of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour during COVID-19—An Integrative Review and Socioecological Approach," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(20), pages 1-19, October.
    10. Karolina Fila-Witecka & Adrianna Senczyszyn & Agata Kołodziejczyk & Marta Ciułkowicz & Julian Maciaszek & Błażej Misiak & Dorota Szcześniak & Joanna Rymaszewska, 2021. "Lifestyle Changes among Polish University Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(18), pages 1-19, September.
    11. Chiara Buizza & Clarissa Ferrari & Giulio Sbravati & Jessica Dagani & Herald Cela & Giuseppe Rainieri & Alberto Ghilardi, 2023. "Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Well-Being, Social Relationships and Academic Performance in a Sample of University Freshmen: A Propensity Score Match Evaluation Pre- and Post-Pandemic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(15), pages 1-19, July.
    12. J. Pierre Zila-Velasque & Pamela Grados-Espinoza & Naomi Coba-Villan & Jocelyn Quispe-Chamorro & Yesenia F. Taipe-Guillén & Estefany Pacheco & Laura Ccasa-Valero & Virgilio E. Failoc-Rojas & Cristian , 2022. "Mental Disorders and Level of Resilience in Eight High-Altitude Cities of Peru during the Second Pandemic Wave: A Multicenter Population-Based Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(1), pages 1-19, December.
    13. Hee-Kyung Kim, 2022. "In the COVID-19 Era, Effects of Job Stress, Coping Strategies, Meaning in Life and Resilience on Psychological Well-Being of Women Workers in the Service Sector," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(16), pages 1-15, August.
    14. Isabel Mercader Rubio & Pilar Sánchez-López & Nieves Gutiérrez Ángel & Nieves Fátima Oropesa Ruiz, 2022. "Psychological Consequences of Fear of COVID-19: Symptom Analysis of Triggered Anxiety and Depression Disorders in Adolescents and Young Adults," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(21), pages 1-8, October.
    15. S. Brent Jackson & Kathryn T. Stevenson & Lincoln R. Larson & M. Nils Peterson & Erin Seekamp, 2021. "Outdoor Activity Participation Improves Adolescents’ Mental Health and Well-Being during the COVID-19 Pandemic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(5), pages 1-18, March.
    16. Piotr Długosz & Damian Liszka & Anastasiia Bastrakova & Luydmila Yuzva, 2022. "Health Problems of Students during Distance Learning in Central and Eastern Europe: A Cross-Sectional Study of Poland and Ukraine," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(16), pages 1-16, August.
    17. Raquel Lara & Martha Fernández-Daza & Sara Zabarain-Cogollo & María Angustias Olivencia-Carrión & Manuel Jiménez-Torres & María Demelza Olivencia-Carrión & Adelaida Ogallar-Blanco & Débora Godoy-Izqui, 2021. "Active Coping and Anxiety Symptoms during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Spanish Adults," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(16), pages 1-17, August.
    18. Artem Kashtanov & Ekaterina Molotok & Andrey Yavorovskiy & Alexander Boyarkov & Yuriy Vasil’ev & Ali Alsaegh & Sergey Dydykin & Olesya Kytko & Renata Meylanova & Yulianna Enina & Vasiliy Troitskiy & M, 2022. "A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study Assessing the Psycho-Emotional State of Intensive Care Units’ Physicians and Nurses of COVID-19 Hospitals of a Russian Metropolis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(3), pages 1-22, February.
    19. Federica Bianco & Annalisa Levante & Serena Petrocchi & Flavia Lecciso & Ilaria Castelli, 2021. "Maternal Psychological Distress and Children’s Internalizing/Externalizing Problems during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Moderating Role Played by Hypermentalization," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(19), pages 1-15, October.
    20. Jing Guo & Xing Lin Feng & Xiao Hua Wang & Marinus H. van IJzendoorn, 2020. "Coping with COVID-19: Exposure to COVID-19 and Negative Impact on Livelihood Predict Elevated Mental Health Problems in Chinese Adults," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(11), pages 1-18, May.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:7:p:4375-:d:787413. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.